Antioxidant intervention of smoking-induced lung tumor in mice by vitamin E and quercetin

BMC Cancer

Table 1 Multiplicity and incidence of lung tumor in different groups.

Group	N*	Lung tumor multiplicity			Lung tumor incidence(%)
		Male	Female	Mix	Male	Female	Mix
Control	98	0.20	0.17	0.21 ± 0.08	15.3	6.2	10.7
C+VE	46	0	0.05	0.02 ± 0.01	0	4.8	2.4
C+Q	50	0	0.40	0.14 ± 0.07	0	20.0	12.0
TS	99	1.15^a	0.80^a	1.00 ± 0.29^a	46.5^a	40.0^a	43.5^a
TS+Q	47	1.07	0.36	0.76 ± 0.27	42.9	18.2	31.1
TS+Q+VE	49	0.93	0.13^b	0.53 ± 0.22	26.7	13.3	21.7
TS+VE	48	0.17^b	0.44	0.32 ± 0.16^b	16.7^b	18.8^b	17.0^b

^aCompared with the Control, C+VE, C+Q, TS+Q+VE, and TS+VE groups, the incidence and tumor multiplicity were significantly increased (p < 0.05); ^bCompared with TS group and TS+Q group, the incidence and tumor multiplicity were significantly decreased (p < 0.05). (C-control group, VE-Vitamin E treated group, Q-Quercetin treated group, TS-tobacco smoke exposure group).
*N: surviving mice in each group. There were 13 mice died of fighting and infected during the experiments.

ISSN: 1471-2407