Figure 8

SC-III3 induced DNA damage by activation of ATM pathway via ROS generation. (A) HepG2 cells were pretreated with/without NAC for 2 h and then exposed to SC-III3 for 12 h. ROS level was determined with fluorescence probe DCFH2-DA. (B) LO2 cells were exposed to SC-III3 for 12 h. (C) HepG2 cells were pretreated with/without NAC for 2 h and then exposed to SC-III3 for 24 h. Then, cell lysates were prepared for Western blotting. (D, E) HepG2 cells were pretreated with/without NAC for 2 h and then exposed to SC-III3 for 24 h. Then, cells were analyzed for cell cycle distribution by flow cytometry. Cells in G0/G1, S, and G2/M phases were quantified and presented. (F) HepG2 cells were pretreated with/without NAC for 2 h and then exposed to SC-III3 for 24 h. Then, cell viability was analyzed by MTT assay. Data were presented as mean ± SEM for three separate experiments. The difference were significant at **p < 0.01 compared with SC-III3 (1 μM) and ^## p < 0.01 compared with SC-III3 (0 μM).