Table 1 Cancer vaccination approaches investigated in NSCLC

CIMAVax EGF (recombinant peptide vaccine)

EGF

Pre-treated stage IIIB/IV NSCLC (Phase II, N = 80) [17]

Improved OS in younger (<60 years of age) patients compared with BSC alone

BLP25 (Stimuvax®; lysosomal peptide vaccine)

MUC1

Pre-treated stage IIIB/IV NSCLC (Phase II, N = 88) [18]

Improved QoL compared with BSC

Pretreated, unresectable stage III NSCLC (Phase III, N = 1513) [19]

Improved survival in a prespecified stratum of >800 patients with locoregional stage IIIB disease treated with concomitant chemoradiation

TG4010 (recombinant vaccinia virus)

MUC1/IL-2

MUC1-positive stage IIIB or IV NSCLC (Phase IIb, N = 148) [20]

Trend for improved PFS compared with chemotherapy alone

Recombinant fusion protein of MAGEA3 and H influenzae protein D

MAGEA3

Completely resected MAGEA3-positive stage IB to II NSCLC (Phase II, N = 182) [21]

All patients receiving the active treatment showed a humoral immune response to the MAGEA3 antigen

MAGEA3-positive stages IB, II and IIIA NSCLC (Phase III, N = 2278) [22]

Did not extend DFS compared with placebo. Trial continuing

CV9201 self-adjuvanted mRNA vaccine

MAGEC1, MAGEC2, NY-ESO-1, survivin, 5 T4

Pre-treated stage IIIB/IV NSCLC (Phase I/IIa, N = 46) [23]

Antigen-specific immune responses against ≥1 antigen were induced in 65% of patients

Belagenpumatucel-L (Lucanix®)

TGF-β2

Pre-treated stage IIIA/IIIB/IV NSCLC (Phase III, N = 532) [24]

Improved OS in subset of patients randomized within 12 weeks of completion of prior chemotherapy