Elevated levels of plasma D-dimer predict a worse outcome in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma

BMC Cancer

Table 1 Patient demographics and clinical characteristics

Characteristic	Median (25th-75th percentile) or No. (%)	Median (25th-75th percentile) or No. (%)
	NPC patients (n = 717)	Control (n = 126)
Age at study entry	47 (39–47)	45 (39–53)
Sex
Male	533 (74.3)	102 (81)
Female	184 (25.7)	24 (19.0)
D-dimer	0.50 ug/mL (0.3-0.8)	0.40 ug/mL (0.3-0.5)
Histology, WHO type
III	690 (96.2)
II	27 (3.8)
ECOG
0-1	712 (99.3)
2	5 (0.7)
Clinical stage
I	16 (2.2)
II	80 (11.2)
III	416 (58.0)
IV	205 (28.6)
Tumour stage
T1	54 (7.5)
T2	128 (17.9)
T3	367 (51.2)
T4	168 (23.4)
Node stage
N0	112 (15.6)
N1	273 (38.1)
N2	277 (38.6)
N3	55 (7.7)
Treatment
Radiotherapy	75 (10.5)
Chemotherapy and radiotherapy	642 (89.5)
Radiotherapy technique
2DRT/3DCRT	167 (23.3)
IMRT	550 (76.7)
EBVDNA
Low DNA	411 (57.3)
High DNA	306 (42.7)
VCA-IgA
<1:80	223 (31.1)
≥1:80	494 (68.9)
EA-IgA
<1:10	315 (43.9)
≥1:10	402 (56.1)
LDH, U/L
< 167	353 (49.2)
≥167	364 (50.8)
CRP, mg/L
< 1.61	359 (50.1)
≥1.61	358 (49.9)
WBC, 109/L
< 6.7	362 (50.5)
≥6.7	355 (49.5)
Neutrophil, 109/L
< 4.0	359 (50.2)
≥4.0	358 (49.8)
HGB, g/L
< 143.8	359 (50.1)
≥ 143.8	358 (49.9)
PLT, 109/L
< 227	359 (50.1)
≥227	358 (49.9)
Smoking
yes	259 (63.9)
no	458 (36.1)
Chronic HBV Infection
yes	57 (7.9)
no	660 (92.1)
Cardiovascular disease
yes	61 (8.5)
no	656 (91.5)
Diabetes mellitus
yes	22 (3.1)
no	695 (96.9)
Family history of NPC
yes	61 (8.5)
no	656 (91.5)
Median follow-up (months)	31 (24–44)
Outcome features
Progression
yes	118 (16.5)
no	599 (83.5)
Distant metastasis
yes	85 (11.9)
no	632 (88.1)
Localregional recurrence
yes	48 (6.7)
no	669 (93.3)
Deaths
yes	94 (13.1)
no	623 (86.9)

Abbreviations: ECOG Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, 2DRT two-dimensional radiotherapy, 3DCRT three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, IMRT intensity-modulated radiotherapy, Low DNA denotes a low EBV DNA level of <4000 copies/ml, High DNA denotes a high EBV DNA level of ≥4000 copies/ml, VCA viral capsid antigen. IgA immunoglobulin A, EA early antigen, LDH Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase Levels, CRP high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, WBC White blood cell, HGB haemoglobin, PLT platelet, NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

ISSN: 1471-2407