Figure 5From: The inflammatory cytokine TNFα cooperates with Ras in elevating metastasis and turns WT-Ras to a tumor-promoting entity in MCF-7 cells CM of TNFα-stimulated WT-Ras-expressing cells lead to increased angiogenesis. CM of MCF-7 cells were administered on chick chorioallantoic membranes (CAM), in which length, thickness and sprouting of embryo vessels were used to determine angiogenicity. Two types of CM were used (see "Results" for details): (1) From non-stimulated control cells; (2) From WT-Ras-expressing cells, stimulated by TNFα (50 ng/ml). (A) A representative CAM image. In each group, n≥5 embryos were tested, in each of 3 independent experiments. (B) In two of the experiments, angiogenesis intensity was determined by three researchers in an unbiased manner, using parameters of length, thickness and sprouting of embryo vessels, combined. In each of the two independent experiments, n≥5 embryos were tested in each group. Please see "Methods" for additional details on times of CM collection.Back to article page