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Table 2 Distribution of health behaviours and breast cancer risk factors by menopausal status and ethnic group

From: Healthy lifestyle and risk of breast cancer for indigenous and non-indigenous women in New Zealand: a case control study

Premenopausal

Māori (n = 337)

 

Non-Māori (n = 650)

 

Case

Control

 

Case

Control

 

(n = 41)

(n = 296)

 

(n = 279)

(n = 371)

 

n

%

n

%

P

n

%

n

%

P

P*

Maternal breast cancer

No

37

90.2

283

95.6

 

247

88.5

344

92.7

  

Yes

4

9.8

13

4.4

0.141

32

11.5

27

7.3

0.066

0.119

Oral contraceptive use

No

5

12.2

29

9.8

 

27

9.7

35

9.4

  

Yes

36

87.8

267

90.2

0.633

252

90.3

336

90.6

0.917

0.874

History of diabetes

           

No

33

80.5

279

94.3

 

271

97.1

359

96.8

  

Yes

8

19.5

17

5.7

0.002

8

2.9

12

3.2

0.788

0.114

Deprivation index

           

Deciles 1–4 (least deprived)

10

24.4

91

30.8

 

122

43.7

199

53.6

  

Deciles 5-7

10

24.4

94

31.8

 

90

32.3

108

29.1

  

Deciles 8–10 (most deprived)

21

51.2

111

37.5

0.241

67

24.0

64

17.3

0.026

<0.001

Parity

           

Nulliparous

3

7.30

48

16.2

 

46

16.5

51

13.8

  

1-2

23

56.1

117

39.5

 

152

54.5

192

51.8

  

3+

15

36.6

131

44.3

0.093

81

29.0

128

34.5

0.286

0.007

Age at menarche (mean year)

12.8 ± 1.7

 

12.6 ± 1.6

 

0.583

12.7 ± 1.5

 

13.0 ± 1.5

 

0.017

<0.001

Age (mean year)

43.3 ± 7.1

 

42.4 ± 6.4

 

0.272

44.6 ± 5.4

 

44.9 ± 5.7

 

0.575

<0.001

Postmenopausal

Māori (n = 439)

 

Non-Māori (n = 1785)

 

Case

Control

 

Case

Control

 

(n = 85)

(n = 354)

 

(n = 688)

(n = 1097)

 

n

%

n

%

P

n

%

n

%

P

P*

Maternal breast cancer

No

77

90.6td

336

94.9

 

611

88.8

1029

93.8

  

Yes

8

9.4

18

5.1

0.129

77

11.2

68

6.2

<0.001

0.440

HRT use

           

No

63

74.1

274

77.4

 

445

64.7

730

66.6

  

Yes

22

25.9

80

22.6

0.520

243

35.3

367

33.4

0.419

<0.001

Oral contraceptive use

           

No

29

34.1

91

25.7

 

219

31.8

242

22.1

  

Yes

56

65.9

263

74.3

0.118

469

68.2

855

77.9

<0.001

0.156

History of diabetes

           

No

69

81.2

302

85.3

 

625

90.8

1017

92.7

  

Yes

16

18.8

52

14.7

0.344

63

9.2

80

7.3

0.158

<0.001

Deprivation index

Deciles 1–4 (least deprived)

9

10.6

95

26.8

 

254

36.9

560

51.1

  

Deciles 5-7

16

18.8

95

26.8

 

230

33.4

335

30.5

  

Deciles 8–10 (most deprived)

60

70.6

164

46.3

<0.001

204

29.7

202

18.4

<0.001

<0.001

Parity

Nulliparous

6

7.1

25

7.1

 

80

11.6

95

8.7

  

1-2

25

29.4

113

31.9

 

257

37.4

438

39.9

  

3+

54

63.5

216

61.0

0.901

351

51.0

564

51.4

0.104

0.007

Age at menarche (mean year)

12.4 ± 1.6

 

12.7 ± 1.7

 

0.504

12.9 ± 1.5

 

12.8 ± 1.4

 

0.654

0.036

Age (mean year)

59.5 ± 8.3

 

58.6 ± 7.6

 

0.432

64.6 ± 10.0

 

63.5 ± 9.1

 

0.013

<0.001

  1. P value: chi squared test for categorical variables and kruskal wallace test for continuous variables.
  2. P* value: chi squared test between Māori and non-Māori controls.
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BMC Cancer

ISSN: 1471-2407

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