Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analyses for survival predictors in patients with brain metastasis from HCC

AGE

0.096

ND

<60 years

17

14.8

0.062

≥60 years

16

8.7

Sex

0.178

ND

M

30

10.4

0.144

F

3

8.4

Symptoms^#

0.412

ND

Minor

17

11.6

0.552

Major

16

8.1

Interval of diagnosis from primary tumor to brain metastasis

≤12 months

11

15.6

0.239

ND

0.089

>12 months

22

8.7

ECOG PS

0.655

ND

≤2

21

13.4

0.707

>2

12

4.7

RPA class

0.001

ND

I & II

29

13.4

0.575

III

4

2.4

Child-Pugh’s classification

A

20

14.4

0.038

0.25

0.09-0.69

0.007

B/C

13

8.4

1

Number of HCC nodules

1-3

18

9.6

0.389

ND

0.088

≥4

10

8.7

Largest size of HCC

≤5 cm

18

14.4

0.094

ND

0.119

>5 cm

15

6.0

HCC type

Well-defined

20

12.9

0.210

ND

0.072

Ill-defined

13

8.7

Main portal vein thrombosis

No

18

10.4

0.202

ND

0.065

Yes

15

8.7

Chemotherapy for HCC (Sorafenib)

No

23

9.6

0.735

ND

0.583

Yes

10

10.4

AFP

≤400

18

9.6

0.389

ND

0.174

>400

10

8.7

Lung metastasis

No

9

21.9

0.197

ND

0.956

Yes

24

9.4

Number of brain metastasis

Single

17

13.7

0.341

ND

0.800

Multiple

16

8.1

Hemorrhage of brain metastasis

No

16

13.7

0.044

0.19

0.07-0.55

0.002

Yes

17

8.1

1

Treatment for brain metastasis

Resection ± WBRT

10

25.3

<0.001

0.23

0.08-0.66

0.006

GKS± WBRT /WBRT alone

17

10.4

1^*

Steroid alone

6

1.0