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Table 2 Systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression results of hypoxia membrane protein expression in breast cancer, in situ carcinoma, benign breast disease, and normal breast tissue.

From: The potential of hypoxia markers as target for breast molecular imaging – a systematic review and meta-analysis of human marker expression

 

CAIX

GLUT1

CXCR4

IGF1R

N

Prev.

(CI)

p-value*

N

Prev.

(CI)

p-value*

N

Prev.

(CI)

p-value*

N

Prev.

(CI)

p-value*

Invasive carcinoma

                

  Overall

36

0.35

(0.26-0.46)

Ref

33

0.51

(0.40-0.61)

Ref

28

0.46

(0.33-0.59)

Ref

31

0.46

(0.35-0.70)

Ref

  Membranous localization only

20

0.23

(0.17-0.31)

-

19

0.44

(0.37-0.52)

-

2

0.16

(0.08-0.31)

-

15

0.38

(0.27-0.50)

-

  Best evidence studies

6

0.38

(0.17-0.65)

-

17

0.41

(0.35-0.48)

-

7

0.43

(0.25-0.63)

-

10

0.33

(0.22-0.46)

-

Histological grade

12

   

10

   

13

   

5

   

  I

 

0.04

(0.02-0.08)

Ref

 

0.24

(0.18-0.31)

Ref

 

0.26

(0.13-0.44)

Ref

 

0.57

(0.51-0.63)

Ref

  II

 

0.16

(0.10-0.24)

<0.001

 

0.33

(0.20-0.50)

0.012

 

0.32

(0.17-0.52)

0.049

 

0.51

(0.49-0.54)

0.093

  III

 

0.30

(0.22-0.39)

<0.001

 

0.58

(0.45-0.69)

<0.001

 

0.44

(0.26-0.63)

<0.001

 

0.41

(0.39-0.43)

<0.001

Tumor size

7

   

6

   

12

   

4

   

  T1

 

0.12

(0.11-0.14)

Ref

 

0.37

(0.31-0.42)

Ref

 

0.48

(0.28-0.69)

Ref

 

0.45

(0.39-0.51)

Ref

  T2

 

0.15

(0.11-0.20)

<0.001

 

0.36

(0.29-0.43)

0.641

 

0.52

(0.28-0.74)

0.620

 

0.47

(0.44-0.49)

0.682

  T3

 

0.30

(0.17-0.47)

<0.001

 

0.30

(0.14-0.53)

0.180

 

0.68

(0.53-0.80)

0.122

 

0.39

(0.32-0.47)

0.047

Histological type

13

   

14

   

10

   

6

   

  Invasive ductal carcinoma

 

0.34

(0.20-0.52)

Ref

 

0.48

(0.32-0.64)

Ref

 

0.46

(0.22-0.72)

Ref

 

0.42

(0.28-0.58)

Ref

  Invasive lobular carcinoma

 

0.01

(0.00-0.05)

0.001

 

0.09

(0.01-0.40)

<0.001

 

0.35

(0.00-0.98)

0.001

 

0.25

(0.08-0.55)

<0.001

Specimen handling

36

   

32

   

28

   

31

   

  Full sections

 

0.51

(0.37-0.64)

Ref

 

0.61

(0.49-0.72)

Ref

 

0.39

(0.28-0.51)

Ref

 

0.34

(0.26-0.42)

Ref

  Tissue microarray

 

0.24

(0.16-0.35)

0.002

 

0.30

(0.18-0.45)

0.003

 

0.61

(0.29-0.85)

0.173

 

0.57

(0.39-0.73)

0.032

Other tissue types

4

   

5

   

6

   

4

   

  Normal breast tissue

 

0.02

(0.00-0.50)

<0.001

 

0.03

(0.00-0.22)

<0.001

 

0.03

(0.01-0.07)

<0.001

 

0.74

(0.69-0.78)

0.109

  Benign breast diseases

 

0.06

(0.02-0.20)

<0.001

 

0.04

(0.00-0.42)

<0.001

 

0.04

(0.00-0.80)

<0.001

 

0.73

(0.66-0.79)

0.137

  Carcinoma in situ

 

0.49

(0.31-0.68)

0.025

 

0.52

(0.42-0.62)

0.680

 

0.71

(0.23-0.95)

<0.001

 

0.33

(0.18-0.53)

0.869

  1. *p-values obtained using meta-regression (linear mixed model with subgroup indicators as fixed and the individual studies as random effects); ref: reference category for the meta-regression result; N: Maximum number of studies evaluated for pooled estimate or meta regression; prev.: expression prevalence of the investigated target.
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BMC Cancer

ISSN: 1471-2407

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