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Table 12 Meta-analyses of indirect estimates of lung cancer mortality rates in current smokers

From: Indirectly estimated absolute lung cancer mortality rates by smoking status and histological type based on a systematic review

Sex

Region

Period

Statistica

All lung cancerb

Squamousc

Adenod

All

All

All

n

116

28

28

   

Rate

369.8 (328.0–416.9)

148.8 (114.7–193.1)

102.1 (81.3–128.1)

   

H,PH

160.43, <0.001

78.07, <0.001

38.44, <0.001

Male

  

n

70

15

15

   

Rate

546.6 (472.3–632.4)

275.3 (224.1–338.3)

157.5 (120.5–205.7)

Female

  

n

46

13

13

   

Rate

196.9 (159.1–243.7)

71.9 (54.9–94.2)

59.7 (41.8–85.2)

Betweene

  

PB

<0.01

<0.001

<0.05

 

Canada

 

n

5

2

2

   

Rate

314.1 (161.0–612.7)

171.8 (36.1–817.1)

118.5 (37.5–374.4)

 

USA

 

n

40

13

13

   

Rate

476.7 (390.8–581.5)

150.4 (97.1–233.0)

129.0 (94.6–175.7)

 

SC Americaf

 

n

8

1

1

   

Rate

381.5 (290.7–500.5)

131.4 (93.4–185.0)

187.6 (140.3–250.8)

 

UK

 

n

16

0

0

   

Rate

406.6 (303.3–545.1)

  
 

Scandinaviag

 

n

12

2

2

   

Rate

381.7 (257.1–566.9)

72.1 (20.5–253.2)

57.7 (20.3–164.0)

 

W Europeh

 

n

17

5

5

   

Rate

342.5 (244.0–480.7)

217.0 (156.6–300.8)

59.7 (31.8–111.9)

 

E Europei

 

n

2

1

1

   

Rate

425.3 (88.8–2036.7)

413.5 (363.0–471.2)

110.2 (84.5–143.6)

 

Japan

 

n

9

4

4

   

Rate

187.0 (133.1–262.9)

101.1 (62.5–163.6)

94.1 (61.3–144.6)

 

Chinaj

 

n

3

0

0

   

Rate

285.1 (198.3–410.0)

  
 

Other Asiak

 

n

4

0

0

   

Rate

130.3 (67.3–252.3)

  
 

Betweene

 

PB

<0.05

NS

NS

  

1930–60

n

10

1

1

   

Rate

140.6 (112.3–176.0)

33.0 (24.8–44.1)

9.8 (5.9–16.1)

  

1961–70

n

17

2

2

   

Rate

331.2 (247.4–443.4)

244.9 (80.4–745.8)

129.1 (97.9–170.2)

  

1971–80

n

24

4

4

   

Rate

382.4 (289.5–505.1)

118.9 (36.9–383.4)

38.9 (32.6–46.5)

  

1981–90

n

49

19

19

   

Rate

457.4 (393.5–531.6)

157.5 (115.1–215.7)

135.3 (108.9–168.1)

  

1991–99

n

16

2

2

   

Rate

400.8 (293.1–548.1)

175.8 (103.7–298.1)

142.1 (83.6–241.7)

  

Betweene

PB

<0.001

NS

<0.01

  1. a n = number of estimates combined, Rate = random-effects meta-analysis lung cancer mortality rate per 100,000 per year for age 70–74 years (95% CI), H = heterogeneity per degree of freedom, PH = probability value for heterogeneity expressed as p < 0.001, p < 0.01, p < 0.05, p < 0.1 or NS (p ≥ 0.1), PB = probability value for heterogeneity between levels (see Methods) similarly expressed.
  2. b All or nearest available, must include at least squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.
  3. c Squamous cell carcinoma or nearest available, but not including adenocarcinoma.
  4. d Adenocarcinoma or nearest available, but not including squamous cell carcinoma.
  5. e Heterogeneity between levels of factor considered.
  6. f Including Argentina, Brazil, Cuba, Uruguay.
  7. g Including Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden.
  8. h Including Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Spain.
  9. i Including Czechoslovakia, Poland.
  10. j Including China, Hong Kong.
  11. k Including Singapore, South Korea.
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BMC Cancer

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