Figure 3From: p53-independent early and late apoptosis is mediated by ceramide after exposure of tumor cells to photon or carbon ion irradiation Kinetics of mitochondrial membrane potential (A) and total caspase activation (B) in SCC61, SQ20B, and U87MG cell lines after exposure to photons or to 184 keV/μm carbon irradiations. Values represent the mean ± SD of two independent experiments performed in triplicate *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001. compared to control.Back to article page