Figure 2

Genistein synergizes with vorinostat to induce apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. (A) Genistein treatment induces apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. Survival of androgen-independent PC-3 and DU145, androgen-dependent LNCaP, and androgen-repressed ARCaP-E and ARCaP-M cells in response to genistein, vorinostat, and combination treatment was measured using Annexin V/PI staining. Cells were treated with 20 μM genistein or DMSO for 6 days, 1 μM vorinostat for 2 days, and combination. Apoptosis was quantitated using Annexin V/PI staining. The data were quantitated showing total cell death. Data are presented as mean ± SE of triplicate experiments. (B) Proliferation of DU145, PC3, LNCAP, ARCaP-E, and ARCaP-M cells treated with genistein, vorinostat, and combination. Cells were treated with single agents vorinostat (1 μM), genistein (20 μM), or combination. Mean % proliferation ± SE of triplicate experiments are shown. Growth inhibition was measured using a hemocytometer following trypan blue staining. (C) Cell death of ARCaP-E and ARCaP-M cell treated with genistein, 5-deoxyazacytidine (5-aza), and vorinostat. Cells were treated with single agents, 1 μM vorinostat for 48 hrs, or in combination with genistein or 5-aza for 6 days. Total mean cell death ± SE of triplicate experiments are shown. (D) Cells were treated as in (C) and cell proliferation was assessed. Mean % proliferation ± SE of triplicate experiments are shown.