Table 2 Meta analysis on the ethyl carbamate occurrence in Brazilian spirits

Pot still cachaça

[17, 18, 42, 45, 46, 48], this study

275

0.38

0.21

0.96

1.32

2.21

Column still cachaça

[18, 42, 45, 48], this study

101

0.49

0.32

1.01

1.68

2.30

All types cachaça (without weighting for distillation type)

[17, 18, 41–43, 45–48], this study

536

0.38

0.19

0.91

1.34

2.22

All types cachaça (with weighting according to production amount: 38% pot and 62% column still)

[17, 18, 45, 46, 48], this study

376

0.45

0.28

0.99

1.54

2.26

Regulated cachaça (hypothetical distribution after full implementation of 0.15 mg/l limit)^a

All types cachaça, see above

536

0.11

0.15

0.15

0.15

0.15

Tiquira

[19, 41, 47, 50]

95

2.34

1.72

5.44

6.10

10.20