Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analyses of the factors affecting disease-free survival (DFS) by Cox proportional hazard model

Age

0.185

1.02 (0.99—1.04)

BMI

0.605

0.98 (0.91—1.06)

Surgical duration

0.346

1.00 (1.00—1.01)

Length of postoperative hospital stay

0.101

1.01 (1.00—1.03)

Tumor size

 <4

Ref

 ≧4

0.641

1.14 (0.67—1.94)

Gender

 Male

Ref

 Female

0.520

0.84 (0.49—1.44)

Tumor location

 Rectum

Ref

 Colon

0.611

0.88 (0.53—1.45)

TNM

 I

Ref

Ref

 II

0.291

1.78 (0.61—5.18)

1.26 (0.42—3.75)

 III

0.009**

4.02 (1.41—11.44)

3.39 (1.15—10.00)

 IV

0.001**

7.57 (2.21—25.89)

4.20 (1.03—17.16)

Histologic type

 Differentiated^a

Ref

 Undifferentiated^b

0.859

0.84 (0.12—6.03)

Anemia

 No

Ref

 Yes

0.561

1.16 (0.70—1.92)

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy

 No

Ref

 Yes

0.945

0.98 (0.55—1.73)

Previous abdominal surgery

 No

Ref

 Yes

0.066

1.75 (0.96—3.18)

Epidural anesthesia

 No

Ref

 Yes

0.171

0.49 (0.18—1.36)

Laparoscopy-assisted operation

 No

Ref

Ref

 Yes

0.006**

0.46 (0.27—0.81)

0.53 (0.29—0.96)

Enterostomy

 No

Ref

 Yes

0.430

1.30 (0.68—2.50)

Combined resection

 No

Ref

 Yes

0.529

1.29 (0.59—2.83)

WBC > 10 G/L

 No

Ref

 Yes

0.052

1.96 (0.99—3.86)

Hypoalbuminemia

 No

Ref

Ref

 Yes

0.068

1.70 (0.96—3.01)

1.62 (0.88—2.97)

CEA > 9.7 ng/mL

 No

Ref

Ref

 Yes

0.004**

2.15 (1.27—3.65)

1.66 (0.90—3.05)

CA199 > 37 U/mL

 No

Ref

Ref

 Yes

 < 0.001**

2.88 (1.66—5.01)

2.17 (1.20—3.94)

ASA score

 ≦2

Ref

Ref

 >2

0.002**

2.29 (1.36—3.85)

2.02 (1.19—3.45)

NSR2002 score

 <3

Ref

 ≧3

0.134

1.77 (0.84—3.72)

CCI score

 0

Ref

 ≧1

0.009**

1.97 (1.18—3.28)

Estimated blood loss > 300 ml

 No

Ref

 Yes

0.972

1.02 (0.41—2.54)

Clavien-Dindo classification

 0-II

Ref

 III-V

0.001**

2.29 (1.38—3.79)

Spleen density

 non-DROSD

Ref

Ref

 DROSD

 < 0.001**

3.51 (1.96—6.31)

2.58 (1.39—4.79)