Table 1 Patient Demographic and Clinical Characteristics
Factors | Total (n = 212) | non-DROSD (n = 189) | DROSD (n = 23) | P-values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years), Mean ± SD | 69.45 ± 10.63 | 69.21 ± 10.56 | 71.39 ± 11.22 | 0.354 |
BMI (kg/cm2), Mean ± SD | 22.19 ± 3.32 | 22.04 ± 3.12 | 23.40 ± 4.53 | 0.063 |
Surgical duration (min), Mean ± SD | 174.21 ± 48.97 | 175.35 ± 50.05 | 164.78 ± 38.66 | 0.329 |
Length of postoperative hospital stay (day), Mean ± SD | 16.49 ± 10.75 | 16.30 ± 11.23 | 18.09 ± 5.30 | 0.452 |
Gender, n (%) | 0.137 | |||
 Male | 140 (66.04) | 128 (67.72) | 12 (52.17) | |
 Female | 72 (33.96) | 61 (32.28) | 11 (47.83) | |
Tumor size (cm), n (%) | 0.324 | |||
 <4 | 75 (35.38) | 69 (36.51) | 6 (26.09) | |
 ≧4 | 137 (64.62) | 120 (63.49) | 17 (73.91) | |
Tumor location, n (%) | 0.545 | |||
 Rectum | 98 (46.23) | 86 (45.50) | 12 (52.17) | |
 Colon | 114 (53.77) | 103 (54.50) | 11 (47.83) | |
TNM, n (%) | 0.727 | |||
 I | 31 (14.62) | 29 (15.34) | 2 (8.70) | |
 II | 99 (46.7) | 89 (47.09) | 10 (43.48) | |
 III | 70 (33.02) | 60 (31.75) | 10 (43.48) | |
 IV | 12 (5.66) | 11 (5.82) | 1 (4.35) | |
Histologic type, n (%) | 0.371 | |||
 Differentiateda | 208 (98.11) | 186 (98.41) | 22 (95.65) | |
 Undifferentiatedb | 4 (1.89) | 3 (1.59) | 1 (4.35) | |
Anemia, n (%) | 0.179 | |||
 No | 111 (52.36) | 102 (53.97) | 9 (39.13) | |
 Yes | 101 (47.64) | 87 (46.03) | 14 (60.87) | |
Radiotherapy and chemotherapy, n (%) | 0.041* | |||
 No | 156 (73.58) | 135 (71.43) | 21 (91.30) | |
 Yes | 56 (26.42) | 54 (28.57) | 2 (8.70) | |
Previous abdominal surgery, n (%) | 0.017* | |||
 No | 179 (84.43) | 164 (86.77) | 15 (65.22) | |
 Yes | 33 (15.57) | 25 (13.23) | 8 (34.78) | |
Epidural anesthesia, n (%) | 0.374 | |||
 No | 186 (87.74) | 164 (86.77) | 22 (95.65) | |
 Yes | 26 (12.26) | 25 (13.23) | 1 (4.35) | |
Laparoscopy-assisted operation, n (%) | 0.001** | |||
 No | 116 (54.72) | 96 (50.79) | 20 (86.96) | |
 Yes | 96 (45.28) | 93 (49.21) | 3 (13.04) | |
Enterostomy, n (%) | 0.961 | |||
 No | 179 (84.43) | 159 (84.13) | 20 (86.96) | |
 Yes | 33 (15.57) | 30 (15.87) | 3 (13.04) | |
Combined resection, n (%) | 0.664 | |||
 No | 193 (91.04) | 171 (90.48) | 22 (95.65) | |
 Yes | 19 (8.96) | 18 (9.52) | 1 (4.35) | |
WBC > 10 G/L, n (%) | 1.000 | |||
 No | 190 (89.62) | 169 (89.42) | 21 (91.30) | |
 Yes | 22 (10.38) | 20 (10.58) | 2 (8.70) | |
Hypoalbuminemia, n (%) | 0.088 | |||
 No | 171 (80.66) | 156 (82.54) | 15 (65.22) | |
 Yes | 41 (19.34) | 33 (17.46) | 8 (34.78) | |
CEA > 9.7 ng/mL, n (%) | 0.038* | |||
 No | 165 (77.83) | 151 (79.89) | 14 (60.87) | |
 Yes | 47 (22.17) | 38 (20.11) | 9 (39.13) | |
CA199 > 37 U/mL, n (%) | 0.276 | |||
 No | 178 (83.96) | 161 (85.19) | 17 (73.91) | |
 Yes | 34 (16.04) | 28 (14.81) | 6 (26.09) | |
ASA score, n (%) | 0.809 | |||
 ≦2 | 161 (75.94) | 144 (76.19) | 17 (73.91) | |
 >2 | 51 (24.06) | 45 (23.81) | 6 (26.09) | |
NSR2002score, n (%) | 0.266 | |||
 <3 | 193 (91.04) | 174 (92.06) | 19 (82.61) | |
 ≧3 | 19 (8.96) | 15 (7.94) | 4 (17.39) | |
CCI score, n (%) | 0.251 | |||
 0 | 116 (54.72) | 106 (56.08) | 10 (43.48) | |
 ≧1 | 96 (45.28) | 83 (43.92) | 13 (56.52) | |
Estimated blood loss > 300 ml, n (%) | 1.000 | |||
 No | 196 (92.45) | 175 (92.59) | 21 (91.30) | |
 Yes | 16 (7.55) | 14 (7.41) | 2 (8.70) | |
Clavien-Dindo classification, n (%) | 0.021* | |||
 0-II | 146 (68.87) | 135 (71.43) | 11 (47.83) | |
 III-V | 66 (31.13) | 54 (28.57) | 12 (52.17) |