The role of piRNAs in predicting and prognosing in cancer: a focus on piRNA-823 (a systematic review and meta-analysis)

Taghizadeh, Mohammad; Jafari-Koshki, Tohid; Jafarlou, Vahid; Raeisi, Mortaza; Alizadeh, Leila; Roosta, Yousef; Matin, Somaieh; Jabari, Rahele; Sur, Daniel; Karimi, Abbas

doi:10.1186/s12885-024-12180-2

Table 1 The main characteristics of the included studies

From: The role of piRNAs in predicting and prognosing in cancer: a focus on piRNA-823 (a systematic review and meta-analysis)

No.	Authors and years	Country	piRNA type(s)	piRNA(s) quantification	No. of patients	No. of control	Analysis method	Hazard ratio (HR) (95%CI)	Median follow-up months	Ref.
1	Huiying Han, et al. (2021)	China	piRNA-30473	Microarray analysis	42	N/A	Univariate and multivariate	Univariate analysis: HR = 2.193836	50	[41]
1	Huiying Han, et al. (2021)	China	piRNA-30473	Microarray analysis	42	N/A	Univariate and multivariate	Multivariate analysis: HR = 1.9892	50	[41]
2	Guoqing Li, et al (2023)	China	piRNA-25783	ISH	15	N/A	Not reported	HR = 1.006	72	[42]
3	Lisha Ai et al (2019)	China	piRNA-823	qRT-PCR	72	N/A	Not reported	HR = 2.50	40	[43]
4	Robert Iliev, et al (2016)	Czech Republic	piRNA-823	qRT-PCR	472	116	Not reported	HR = 1.024	150	[26]
5	Jonas Busch, et al (2015)	Germany	piRNA-30924, piRNA-57125, and piRNA-38756	Microarray analysis	106	77	Univariate and multivariate	Univariate analysis: piRNA-30924 HR = 2.90, piRNA-57125 HR = 0.30, and piRNA-38756 HR = 3.96	120	[44]
5	Jonas Busch, et al (2015)	Germany	piRNA-30924, piRNA-57125, and piRNA-38756	Microarray analysis	106	77	Univariate and multivariate	Multivariate analysis: piRNA-30924 HR = 2.04, piRNA-57125 HR = 0.50, and piRNA-38756 HR = 1.93	120	[44]
6	Ailin Qu, et al (2019)	China	piRNA-001311, piRNA-004153, piRNA-017723, piRNA-017724, and piRNA-019752	Illumina high-throughput sequencing (HTS)	220	220	Univariate and multivariate	Univariate analysis: piRNA-001311 HR = 0.626, piRNA-004153, HR = 1.048, piRNA-017723, HR = 0.769, piRNA-017724, HR = 0.231, and piRNA-019752, HR = 0.611	60	[13]
6	Ailin Qu, et al (2019)	China		Illumina high-throughput sequencing (HTS)	220	220	Univariate and multivariate	Multivariate analysis: piRNA-017724, HR = 0.250	60	[13]
7	Michael Bartos, et al (2021)	Czechia	piRNA-1849, piRNA-9491, piRNA-12487, piRNA-12488, and piRNA-23231	RNA sequencing	96	34	Not reported	HR for piRNA-23231 = -0.497	60	[45]
8	Xiaorong Zhou, et al (2020)	China	piRNA-1245	qRT-PCR	66	66	Univariate and multivariate	Univariate analysis: HR = 2.183	60	[46]
8	Xiaorong Zhou, et al (2020)	China	piRNA-1245	qRT-PCR	66	66	Univariate and multivariate	Multivariate analysis: HR = 2.989	60	[46]
9	Victor D Martinez, et al (2016)	Canada	FR222326	RNA sequencing	320	38	Not reported	HR = 10.22	100	[47]
10	Aswini R. Krishnan, et al (2016)	USA	NONHSAT123636, NONHSAT113708, NONHSAT067200, and NONHSAT081250	RNA sequencing	256	N/A	Not reported	HR for NONHSAT067200 = 1.897	134	[48]
11	Maarouf A Saad, et al (2019)	USA	piRNA-35373, piRNA-266308, piRNA-58510, and piRNA-38034,	RNA sequencing	40	N/A	Univariate and multivariate	Univariate analysis: piRNA-58510 HR = 0.072, and piRNA-35373 HR = 0.17	134	[49]
11	Maarouf A Saad, et al (2019)	USA	piRNA-35373, piRNA-266308, piRNA-58510, and piRNA-38034,	RNA sequencing	40	N/A	Univariate and multivariate	Multivariate analysis: piR-58510 HR = 0.063, and piR-3537 HR = 0.089	134	[49]
12	Chenming Zhao, et al (2019)	Germany	piRNA-34536, and piR-51810	qRT-PCR	148	90	Univariate and multivariate	Univariate analysis: piRNA-34536 HR = 0.295, and piRNA-51810 HR = 0.205	150	[50]
12	Chenming Zhao, et al (2019)	Germany	piRNA-34536, and piR-51810	qRT-PCR	148	90	Univariate and multivariate	Multivariate analysis: piRNA-34536 HR = 0.275, and piRNA-51810 HR = 0.223	150	[50]
13	Dan Li, et.al (2016)	China	piRNA-651	qRT-PCR	78	N/A	Not reported	HR = 0.002	25	[25]
14	Preethi Krishnan, et al (2016)	Canada	piRNA-009051, and piRNA-021032^a	RNA sequencing	104	11	Univariate and multivariate	Univariate analysis: HR = 2.31	200	[51]
14	Preethi Krishnan, et al (2016)	Canada	piRNA-009051, and piRNA-021032^a	RNA sequencing	104	11	Univariate and multivariate	Multivariate analysis: HR = 2.29	200	[51]
15	Anna Cordeiro, et al (2016)	Spain	piRNA-651	qRT-PCR	94	N/A	Not reported	HR = -1.297^a	250	[52]
16	Wenhao Weng et al (2018)	USA	piRNA-1245	RNA sequencing	189	195	Univariate and multivariate	Univariate HR = 3.208	133	[53]
16	Wenhao Weng et al (2018)	USA	piRNA-1245	RNA sequencing	189	195	Univariate and multivariate	Multivariate HR = 2.9347	133	[53]
17	Junlan Feng et al (2020)	China	piRNA-823	Microarray analysis	176	N/A	Univariate and multivariate	Univariate HR = 7.49	150	[27]
17	Junlan Feng et al (2020)	China	piRNA-823	Microarray analysis	176	N/A	Univariate and multivariate	Multivariate HR = 8.02	150	[27]
18	Dongmei Mai et al (2018)	China	piRNA-54265	qRT-PCR	535	N/A	Univariate and multivariate	Univariate HR = 2.02	70	[24]
18	Dongmei Mai et al (2018)	China	piRNA-54265	qRT-PCR	535	N/A	Univariate and multivariate	Multivariate HR = 1.99	70	[24]
19	Natalie Firmino et al (2016)	Canada	FR018916, FR140858, FR197104, FR237180, and FR298757	RNA sequencing	455	43	not reported	FR018916, HR = 0.882, FR140858 HR = 1.000^b, FR197104 HR = 0.091, FR237180 HR = 1.003, and FR298757 HR = 1.009	100	[54]
20	Wentao Zhang et al (2023)	China	piRNA-1742	RNA sequencing	96	N/A	not reported	Univariate analysis: piR-1742 HR = 2.232	120	[55]
20	Wentao Zhang et al (2023)	China	piRNA-1742	RNA sequencing	96	N/A	not reported	Multivariate analysis: piR-1742 HR = 1.993	120	[55]

^aIn this study for both of piRNAs HR calculated as risk score
^bThe forest plot analysis does not take it into account due to its extremely low standard error (SE = 0)

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