Table 1 Clinical characteristics

Age, years

 Median (range)

55 (26–67)

55 (26–67)

55 (36–65)

55 (26–67)

 Age > 60, No. (%)

15 (21%)

23 (32%)

9 (35%)

47 (28%)

Sex, No. (%)

 Male

35 (49%)

36 (51%)

12 (46%)

83(49%)

 Female

36 (51%)

35 (49%)

14 (54%)

85 (51%)

ISS stage, No. (%)

 Stage1

36 (51%)

24 (34%)

6 (23%)

66(39%)

 Stage2

20 (28%)

25 (35%)

14 (54%)

59 (35%)

 Stage 3

15 (21%)

22 (31%)

6 (23%)

43 (26%)

R-ISS stage, No. (%)

 Stage1

26 (37%)

10 (14%)

2 (8%)

38(23%)

 Stage2

40 (56%)

51 (72%)

18 (69%)

109 (65%)

 Stage 3

5 (7%)

10 (14%)

6 (23%)

21 (13%)

Induction regimen, No. (%)

 PI-based

55 (77%)

65 (92%)

14 (54%)

134 (80%)

 PI and IMiD combination

12 (17%)

3 (4%)

9 (35%)

24 (14%)

 PI, IMiD and CD38 Ab combination

4 (6%)

3 (4%)

3 (11%)

10 (6%)

Response before ASCT, No. (%)

 ≥VGPR

49 (69%)

54 (76%)

22 (85%)

125 (74%)

 <VGPR

22 (31%)

17 (24%)

4 (15%)

43 (26%)

Response after ASCT, No. (%)

 MRD negative

39 (55%)

37 (52%)

14 (54%)

90 (54%)

 MRD positive

32 (45%)

34 (48%)

12 (46%)

78 (46%)

Maintenance regimen, No. (%)

Bortezomib

54 (76%)

57 (80%)

14 (54%)

125 (74%)

Lenalidomide

9 (13%)

8 (11%)

3 (12%)

20 (12%)

Bortezomib + Lenalidomide

6 (9%)

5 (7%)

8 (31%)

19 (11%)

High risk cytogenetics, No. (%)

Gain or amplification of 1q21

NA

57 (80%)

24 (92%)

81 (48%)

del(17p)

NA

9 (13%)

8 (31%)

17 (10%)

t(4;14)

NA

5 (7%)

20 (77%)

25 (15%)

t(14;16)

NA

0 (0%)

1 (4%)

1 (1%)

Other clinical characteristics, No. (%)

Elevated LDH

17 (24%)

18 (25%)

13 (50%)

48 (29%)

Renal dysfunction (Ccr < 60 ml/min)

12 (17%)

11 (16%)

4 (15%)

27 (16%)

Hypercalcemia

7 (10%)

5 (7%)

2 (8%)

14 (8%)

Anemia

20 (28%)

31 (44%)

10 (39%)

61(36%)

Osteolytic lesions

59 (83%)

59 (83%)

22 (85%)

140 (83%)

Extramedullary disease (bone-related)

17 (24%)

11 (16%)

3 (12%)

31 (19%)

Extramedullary disease (extraosseous)

5 (7%)

0 (0%)

2 (8%)

7 (4%)