Fig. 1

Ki67 and prostein staining in PCa specimens correlate with tumor grade. a Histopathological features of normal prostatic epithelium and representative ISUP grade groups of PCa specimens, as revealed by H&E staining. The Gleason scores corresponding to the ISUP grade group is given within parenthesis. b, c Representative immunohistochemical staining intensities of Ki67 and prostein in normal prostatic epithelium and in PCa specimens. The H-score of IHC staining intensity is indicated at the top of each specimen, and the ISUP grade groups with the Gleason scores in parenthesis at the bottom. Two specimens from group 2 are presented to illustrate the variation in staining intensity within groups. d, e Distribution of the H-scores of Ki67 (d) and prostein (e) across the ISUP grade groups. The slope represents the correlation between the H-score and the ISUP grade groups. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (ρ) and its statistical significance (p) are indicated. Statistical analyses between grade groups were carried out using one-way ANOVA adjusted with Kruskal-Wallis multiple comparisons test, and the significant p values are indicated