Table 2 Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses for OS in patients with HCC from the primary cohort (n = 661)

 AST, IU/L

1.00 (1.00-1.00)

<0.001

1.01 (1.00-1.01)

0.010

 GGT, IU/L

1.00 (1.00-1.00)

<0.001

1.01 (1.00-1.01)

0.001

 WBC, 10⁹/L

1.16 (1.10-1.22)

<0.001

1.09 (1.02-1.16)

0.007

 NLR

1.33 (1.28-1.38)

<0.001

1.15 (1.10-1.21)

<0.001

 PTA, %

0.98 (0.97-0.98)

<0.001

0.98 (0.97-0.99)

<0.001

 AFP ≥ 400 ng/mL

2.82 (2.28-3.49)

<0.001

1.36 (1.06-1.76)

0.017

 Tumor number ≥ 3

2.19 (1.79-2.69)

<0.001

1.27 (1.01-1.61)

0.044

 Tumor size ≥ 5 cm

3.12 (2.52-3.86)

<0.001

1.56 (1.22-1.99)

<0.001

 Lymph node metastasis

4.22 (3.12-5.72)

<0.001

1.66 (1.18-2.34)

0.004

 Portal vein involvement

9.45 (7.48-11.95)

<0.001

4.85 (3.62-6.49)

<0.001

 Age, yr

0.99 (0.98-1.00)

0.075

 Male

0.75 (0.57-1.00)

0.047

 Familyhistory of HCC

1.16 (0.87-1.55)

0.310

 History of smoking

1.17 (0.96-1.44)

0.127

 History of alcohol use

1.46 (1.19-1.79)

<0.001

 ALT, IU/L

1.00 (1.00-1.00)

0.033

 TBIL, μmol/L

1.01 (1.01-1.01)

<0.001

 ALB, g/L

0.96 (0.95-0.98)

<0.001

 ALP, IU/L

1.00 (1.00-1.01)

<0.001

 NC, 10⁹/L

1.36 (1.28-1.45)

<0.001

 LC, 10⁹/L

0.55 (0.46-0.67)

<0.001

 PLT, 10⁹/L

1.00 (1.00-1.00)

0.060

 Cr, μmoI/L

1.00 (1.00-1.01)

<0.001

 INR

1.01 (0.96-1.05)

0.795