Table 2 Associations between environmental, maternal, and reproductive factors and ALL risk among Egyptian children
Variable | Cases n = 299 | Controls n = 351 | OR (95 % CI) | Adjusted ORa (95 % CI) | Adjusted ORb (95 % CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Father cigarette smoking during pregnancy period N (%) | 138 (46.2) | 185* (53.2) | 0.75 (0.55-1.03) | 0.75 (0.55-1.03) | 0.82 (0.60-1.12) |
Maternal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke from sources other than the husband N (%) | 52 (17.4) | 5 (1.4) | 14.6 (5.74 to 37.0) | 14.26 (5.59 to 36.30) | 15.07 (6.11 to 40.55) |
Amount of smoke in the room (for those reported exposure to ETS). (heavy versus Light) N (%) | 25/52 (48.1) | 5/5 (100.0) | 1.20 (1.02-1.40) | NA | NA |
Hair dye use N (%) | 56 (18.7) | 51 (14.5) | 1.44 (0.95 to 2.19) | 1.36 (0.89 to 2.07) | 1.25 (0.81 to 1.92) |
Number of pregnancies (Mean) | 3.2 | 3.5 | 0.91 (0.84 to 1.00) | 0.94 (0.86 to 1.03) | 0.98 (0.89 to 1.07) |
Number of deliveries N (%) | |||||
 1 | 39 (13.0) | 33 (9.4) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
 2 | 114(38.1) | 116 (33.0) | 0.83 (0.48 to 1.40) | 0.93 (0.54 to 1.60) | 1.15 (0.65 to 2.03) |
 3 | 86 (28.7) | 115 (32.7) | 0.63 (0.36 to 1.08) | 0.74 (0.42 to 1.30) | 0.99 (0.55 to 1.78) |
 4+ | 60 (20.0) | 87 (24.7) | 0.58 (0.33 to 1.03) | 0.73 (0.40 to 1.35) | 1.36 (0.70 to 2.62) |
Number of siblings (Mean) | 2.6 | 2.9 | 0.80 (0.70 to 0.92) | 0.91Â (0.81 to 1.03) | 0.97Â (0.86 to 1.09) |
Birth order (Mean) | 2.2 | 2.3 | 0.90 (0.80 to 1.01) | 0.84 (0.73 to 0.96) | 0.89 (0.77 to 1.02) |
 Cesarean section N (%) | 121 (40.4) | 89 (23.3) | 2.01 (1.44 to 2.81) | 1.90 (1.35 to 2.66) | 1.68 (1.18 to 2.38) |
 Non-term birth N (%) | 54 (18.0) | 7 (1.9) | 10.80 (4.85 to 24.2) | 10.61 (4.73 to 23.7) | 10.66 (4.72 to 24.1) |
Induction of Ovulation N (%) | 26 (8.6) | 13 (3.7) | 2.47 (1.25 to 4.9) | 2.53 (1.27 to 5.05) | 2.51 (1.24 to 5.05) |