Examination of polymorphic glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes, tobacco smoking and prostate cancer risk among Men of African Descent: A case-control study

Table 4 Combined effects of GST polymorphisms and smoking on prostate cancer risk

Gene	Polymorphism	Adjusted OR (95% CI) for Non-smokers^†‡	Adjusted OR (95% CI) for Ever-smokers^††‡	p-value for Interaction
GSTP1	AA (Ile/Ile) & AG (Ile/Val)	1.00 (Reference)	2.88 (0.49-16.82)
A³¹³G	GG (Val/Val)	1.91 (0.47-7.82)	1.42 (0.33-6.10)	0.928
Ile¹⁰⁵Val
GSTM1	1/1 + 1/0	1.00 (Reference)	1.71 (0.59-4.97)
Deletion	0/0	1.61 (0.36-7.28)	0.47 (0.11-2.09)	0.135
GSTT1	1/1 + 1/0	1.00 (Reference)	1.03 (0.37-2.89)
Deletion	0/0	1.02 (0.21-4.94)	2.12 (0.47-9.57)	0.410

^†Associations were determined using multivariate logistic regression models to estimate the risk of developing PCA using GSTP1 105 Ile/Ile, GSTM1 *1/*1 + *1/*0 and GSTT1 *1/*1 + *1/*0 as the Reference genotypes.
^††Risk estimates adjusted for age (continuous variable); prostate specific antigen (continuous variable); and West African Ancestry, WAA or admixture (continuous variable).
^‡Non-smokers are subjects that have never smoked; Ever-smokers are subjects that are current or former smokers

ISSN: 1471-2407