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Table 4 Results of GAM and proportional hazards tests for GBSG-2 data

From: Modeling the effect of age in T1-2 breast cancer using the SEER database

GBSG-2 data set

no transform

transform age+|age-50|1.5

transform age+|age-50|1.8

Hazard ratio for Age

1.001

1.004

1.002

p-value of Hazard ratio for Age

0.92

0.019

0.010

GAM Chisq for Age

31.74

9.29

8.70

GAM p-value for Age

0.0000006

0.0256

0.0336

Test PH for Age: rho

0.131

0.0459

0.0240

Test PH for Age: chisq

6.118

0.581

0.169

Full PH model Rsquare

0.135

0.142

0.143

Full PH model Likelihood ratio test

99.7

105

106

  1. Chisq = chi-square value, GAM = generalized additive model, GBSG-2 = German Breast Cancer Study Group, PH = proportional hazards. The Additional file 2 "outputgbsg2.doc" lists the other covariates included in the PH models.