Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 is associated with decreased risk of postmenopausal breast cancer in whites: a nested case–control study in the multiethnic cohort study

Kim, Yeonju; Franke, Adrian A; Shvetsov, Yurii B; Wilkens, Lynne R; Cooney, Robert V; Lurie, Galina; Maskarinec, Gertraud; Hernandez, Brenda Y; Le Marchand, Loïc; Henderson, Brian E; Kolonel, Laurence N; Goodman, Marc T

doi:10.1186/1471-2407-14-29

Table 1 Basic characteristics of postmenopausal breast cancer cases and controls by race/ethnicity

From: Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 is associated with decreased risk of postmenopausal breast cancer in whites: a nested case–control study in the multiethnic cohort study

	White				African-American				Native Hawaiian				Japanese				Latino
	(n = 294)				(n = 212)				(n = 136)				(n = 508)				(n = 264)
	Cases		Controls		Cases		Controls		Cases		Controls		Cases		Controls		Cases		Controls
	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
Area
Hawaii	137	93.2	137	93.2					68	100.0	68	100.0	215	84.6	215	84.6
LA	10	6.8	10	6.8	106	100.0	106	100.0					39	15.4	39	15.4	132	100.0	132	100.0
Season
Oct-Mar	65	44.2	68	46.3	54	50.9	57	53.8	38	55.9	36	52.9	98	38.6	119	46.8	70	53.0	57	43.2
Apr-Sep	82	55.8	79	53.7	52	49.1	49	46.2	30	44.1	32	47.1	156	61.4	135	53.2	62	47.0	75	56.8
Sunburn history	103	70.1	98	67.1	17	16.2	9	9.0	21	31.3	23	33.8	48	19.0	54	21.4	40	32.3	28	22.8
Family history of breast cancer	22	15.0	13	8.8	21	19.8	22	20.8	12	17.6	10	14.7	38	15.0	28	11.0	15	11.4	8	6.1
Use of multivitamins	82	56.6	73	50.3	59	56.7	56	55.4	36	52.9	33	49.3	135	53.4	126	50.0	63	48.8	69	52.7
Use of calcium supplements	68	47.9	62	43.4	29	29.9	38	36.9	18	26.5	28	43.1	114	45.8	139	55.6	52	42.3	48	38.4
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Age	68.5	7.9	68.4	7.7	69.1	7.6	69.2	7.5	65.7	6.8	65.8	6.8	67.8	7.7	67.8	7.7	67.3	6.7	67.3	6.8
Body mass index (kg/m²)	25.0	4.5	24.5	5.4	28.0	5.0	28.4	5.7	27.8	5.5	28.1	6.2	24.2	4.2	23.3	3.8	28.2	5.7	27.3	5.6
Live births	2.3	1.6	2.7	1.6	2.9	1.8	2.9	2.0	3.5	2.0	3.5	1.7	2.2	1.4	2.3	1.4	3.5	2.0	4.1	2.0
Sports activity (hour/week)	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.5	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.7	0.2	0.4	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.4	0.1	0.4
Energy intake, Kcal/day	1,799	649	1,785	714	1,848	1,043	1,834	1,010	2,295	1,191	2,031	1,092	1,814	670	1,900	658	2,189	1,199	2,222	1,369
Vitamin D, IU/1000 Kcal/day	78	44	81	52	74	52	70	52	74	47	81	56	62	38	61	36	72	44	70	58
Calcium, mg/1000 Kcal/day	438	136	436	144	400	146	384	145	361	140	371	170	336	108	331	109	467	142	463	164
Phosphorus, mg/1000 Kcal/day	650	123	658	122	651	137	631	129	578	124	604	139	580	101	568	104	687	127	699	144
Plasma 25(OH)D₂, ng/mL^a	3.5	5.4	2.6	4.7	2.2	5.0	3.3	5.5	1.7	3.8	2.8	5.3	4.3	5.7	3.3	4.9	2.5	4.5	3.0	5.4
Plasma 25(OH)D₃, ng/mL^a	31.4	10.1	34.8	10.1	23.5	12.3	23.1	9.6	30.9	9.5	30.6	11.6	28.5	9.4	29.3	10.5	25.2	8.1	24.1	8.5
Plasma 25(OH)D, ng/mL^a	34.9	10.2	37.4	9.7	25.7	12.1	26.4	11.3	32.6	8.7	33.4	12.2	32.7	9.3	32.6	10.2	27.7	9.4	27.1	9.4

Abbreviation: SD standard deviation, 25(OH)D ₂ 25-hydroxyvitamin D2, 25(OH)D ₃ 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, 25(OH)D sum of 25(OH)D₂ and 25(OH)D₃.
^aMultiply 2.5 to convert the values to nmol/L.

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ISSN: 1471-2407

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