Figure 10
The proposed signaling pathways for the synergistic effects of DHA and CCM on progression. One possible mechanism for the effects of CCM, DHA or CCM + DHA on p53 activation and/or PPARγ expression is to suppress the anti-apoptotic protein, survivin, while increasing the expression of maspin, a tumor-suppressor protein. This situation could lead to the induction of apoptosis, thereby inhibiting tumor progression.