Radiation mitigating properties of the lignan component in flaxseed

BMC Cancer

Table 1 BAL fluid cytokine levels in mice 16 weeks post-XRT

	Cytokine values (pg/ml) (mean ± SEM)
	FGF-basic	IL-5	IL-6	IL-12 (p40/p70)	KC	MCP-1	VEGF
*No XRT (13.5 Gy)*
0% FLC	ND¹	4.6 ± 0.6	3.7 ± 0.2	3.2 ± 1.2	ND¹	3.3 ± 0.9	10.9 ± 1.5
10 % FLC	ND¹	2.3 ± 0.6^a	2.6 ± 0.8	0.2 ± 0.1	ND¹	3.9 ± 1.0	8.5 ± 1.8
20% FLC	ND¹	2.1 ± 0.3^a	2.4 ± 0.6^a	ND¹	ND¹	2.7 ± 0.8	5.7 ± 0.5^a
*XRT (+24 Hours)*
0% FLC + 13.5 Gy	52.5 ± 5.5^b	15.3 ± 5.3	129.0 ± 86.6	114.5 ± 24.5^b	261.8 ± 52.6	77.9 ± 39.7	47.2 ± 5.0^b
10% FLC + 13.5 Gy	55.3 ± 5.4	5.2 ± 0.9	ND¹	73.4 ± 25.9	18.1 ± 4.4	27.2 ± 0.7	52.1 ± 9.3
20% FLC + 13.5 Gy	36.0 ± 6.4	10.7 ± 4.5	49.1 ± 22.3	91.1 ± 21.4	ND¹	29.1 ± 0.9	38.4 ± 3.3
*XRT (+48 Hours)*
0% FLC + 13.5 Gy	52.5 ± 5.5	15.3 ± 5.3	129.0 ± 86.6	114.5 ± 24.5	261.8 ± 52.6	77.9 ± 39.7	47.2 ± 5.0
10% FLC + 13.5 Gy	61.7 ± 4.8	2.1 ± 0.3^c	38.4 ± 12.8	6.7 ± 2.3^c	ND¹	26.8 ± 1.5	7.2 ± 3.0^b
20% FLC + 13.5 Gy	37.5 ± 8.6	7.3 ± 3.6	132.3 ± 75.0	83.7 ± 34.6	ND¹	28.2 ± 1.7	39.7 ± 11.8
*XRT (+72 Hours)*
0% FLC + 13.5 Gy	52.5 ± 5.5	15.3 ± 5.3	129.0 ± 86.6	114.5 ± 24.5	261.8 ± 52.6	77.9 ± 39.7	47.2 ± 5.0
10% FLC + 13.5 Gy	35.6 ± 11.2	13.7 ± 7.6	369.7 ± 241.7	88.1 ± 32.5	425.7 ± 141.9	82.5 ± 49.9	33.0 ± 10.5
20% FLC + 13.5 Gy	34.8 ± 8.8	2.3 ± 0.8^c	ND¹	22.7 ± 11.8^c	ND¹	23.1 ± 0.7	30.2 ± 9.5

¹ND = Not Detectable in Assay.
a = p≤0.05 for non-irradiated 0% FLC vs. non-irradiated 10% FLC and 20% FLC.
b = p<0.01 for non-irradiated 0% FLC vs. irradiated 0% FLC.
c = p<0.05 for irradiated 0% FLC vs. irradiated 10% FLC and 20% FLC.
Mice were pre-fed 0% FLC for 72 hours prior to single fraction thoracic X-ray radiation therapy (13.5 Gy). Following XRT exposure, mouse cohorts (n=15) were fed 10% FLC or 20% FLC diets initiated 24, 48, or 72 hours post-XRT. Control-fed mouse cohorts remained on 0% FLC diet throughout the course of the study. Mice were sacrificed at 16 weeks post-XRT and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid was collected. BAL cytokine analysis was performed and data is represented as mean ± SEM. a= p≤0.05 for non-irradiated 0% FLC vs. non-irradiated 10% FLC and 20% FLC, b= p<0.01 for non-irradiated 0% FLC vs. irradiated 0% FLC, and c= p<0.05 for irradiated 0% FLC vs. irradiated 10% FLC and 20% FLC.

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