Figure 1

GSK-3 expression, phosphorylation and localization in MM cells. (A) WB for total GSK-3α and β (top panels), phosphorylated GSK-3α (on Ser 21) and GSK-3β (on Ser 9) (middle panels), and β-actin as loading control (bottom panels) in (from left to right): 4 PBMC samples of healthy subjects, non-malignant in vitro-generated PC (nPC), CD138⁺ purified PC from 9 MM patients, 4 MMCLs; (B) WB for total GSK-3α and β (top panels), phosphorylated GSK-3α (on Tyr 279) and GSK-3β (on Tyr 216) (middle panels) and β-actin as loading control (bottom panels), in three primary MM plasma cell samples (MM 7, 3, 1). (C-E): GSK-3 immunostaining and confocal microscopy analysis in MMCLs OPM-2, INA-6, U-266 and RPMI-8226 (C), three CD138+ primary malignant PC from patients (MM1, MM9, MM10) (D) and BMMC (E). In the merged images GSK-3 is detected by green fluorescence and nuclei are in blue. Scale bars = 10 μm. For all the images: 600× magnification, oil objective.