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  1. Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK-3) α and β are two serine-threonine kinases controlling insulin, Wnt/β-catenin, NF-κB signaling and other cancer-associated transduction pathways. Recent evidence suggests that ...

    Authors: Francesco Piazza, Sabrina Manni, Laura Quotti Tubi, Barbara Montini, Laura Pavan, Anna Colpo, Marianna Gnoato, Anna Cabrelle, Fausto Adami, Renato Zambello, Livio Trentin, Carmela Gurrieri and Gianpietro Semenzato
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:526
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Association between rectal or colon cancer risk and serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1 (SHMT1) C1420T or methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphisms was assessed. The serum total homocysteine (...

    Authors: Viktor Komlósi, Erika Hitre, Éva Pap, Vilmos Adleff, Andrea Réti, Éva Székely, Anna Bíró, Péter Rudnai, Bernadette Schoket, Judit Müller, Béla Tóth, Szabolcs Ottó, Miklós Kásler, Judit Kralovánszky and Barna Budai
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:525
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. The enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) gene exerts oncogene-like activities and its (over)expression has been linked to several human malignancies. Here, we studied a possible association between EZH2 expression ...

    Authors: Nina Wagener, Stephan Macher-Goeppinger, Maria Pritsch, Johannes Hüsing, Karin Hoppe-Seyler, Peter Schirmacher, Jesco Pfitzenmaier, Axel Haferkamp, Felix Hoppe-Seyler and Markus Hohenfellner
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:524
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. cis-urocanic acid (cis-UCA) is an endogenous amino acid metabolite capable of transporting protons from the mildly acidic extracellular medium into the cell cytosol. The resulting intracellular acidification s...

    Authors: Emilia Peuhu, Aura Kaunisto, Jarmo K Laihia, Lasse Leino and John E Eriksson
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:521
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Radiation induced optic neuropathy (RION) is a rare but severe consequence of radiation therapy that is associated with adjuvant chemotherapy, specifically therapy with vincristine or nitrosoureas. However, th...

    Authors: Stefanie Schreiber, Vanessa Prox-Vagedes, Erck Elolf, Ines Brueggemann, Guenther Gademann, Imke Galazky and Claudius Bartels
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:520
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  6. The goal of this prospective study was to determine (a) concentrations of the carbohydrate biomarkers Thomsen Friedenreich (TF) antigen and its precursor, Tn antigen, in nipple discharge (ND) collected from wo...

    Authors: Susan L Deutscher, Marie Dickerson, Gerald Gui, Jessica Newton, Jeffrey E Holm, Nancy Vogeltanz-Holm, Beth Kliethermes, John E Hewett, Senthil R Kumar, Thomas P Quinn and Edward R Sauter
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:519
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Abnormalities of 11q23 involving the MLL gene are found in approximately 10% of human leukemias. To date, nearly 100 different chromosome bands have been described in rearrangements involving 11q23 and 64 fusion ...

    Authors: Nuno Cerveira, Claus Meyer, Joana Santos, Lurdes Torres, Susana Lisboa, Manuela Pinheiro, Susana Bizarro, Cecília Correia, Lucília Norton, Rolf Marschalek and Manuel R Teixeira
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:518
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Epigenetic inactivation of tumor suppressor genes (TSG) by promoter CpG island hypermethylation is a hallmark of cancer. To assay its extent in human lymphoma, methylation of 24 TSG was analyzed in lymphoma-de...

    Authors: Sonja Eberth, Björn Schneider, Andreas Rosenwald, Elena M Hartmann, Julia Romani, Margarete Zaborski, Reiner Siebert, Hans G Drexler and Hilmar Quentmeier
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:517
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. There is limited epidemiologic data on patients with acute myelogenous (myeloid) leukemia (AML) requiring life-sustaining therapies in the intensive care unit (ICU). Our objectives were to describe the clinica...

    Authors: Amanda L Roze des Ordons, Kris Chan, Imran Mirza, Derek R Townsend and Sean M Bagshaw
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:516
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Combining MEK inhibitors with other signalling pathway inhibitors or conventional cytotoxic drugs represents a promising new strategy against cancer. RDEA119/BAY 869766 is a highly potent and selective MEK1/2 ...

    Authors: Qing Chang, Mark S Chapman, Jeffrey N Miner and David W Hedley
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:515
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Mutations in FLT3 result in activated tyrosine kinase activity, cell growth stimulation, and a poor prognosis among various subtypes of leukemia. The causes and timing of the mutations are not currently known. We...

    Authors: Patrick Chang, Michelle Kang, Anny Xiao, Jeffrey Chang, James Feusner, Patricia Buffler and Joseph Wiemels
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:513
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Hyaluronan accumulation correlates with the degree of malignancy in many solid tumor types, including malignant endometrial carcinomas. To elucidate the mechanism of hyaluronan accumulation, we examined the ex...

    Authors: Timo K Nykopp, Kirsi Rilla, Markku I Tammi, Raija H Tammi, Reijo Sironen, Kirsi Hämäläinen, Veli-Matti Kosma, Seppo Heinonen and Maarit Anttila
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:512
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. The selection of patients according to key genetic characteristics may help to tailor chemotherapy and optimize the treatment in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) patients. Functional polymorphisms w...

    Authors: Ilaria Pastina, Elisa Giovannetti, Aldo Chioni, Tristan M Sissung, Francesco Crea, Cinzia Orlandini, Douglas K Price, Claudia Cianci, William D Figg, Sergio Ricci and Romano Danesi
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:511
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Only limited data has been reported so far regarding oesophageal cancer (EC) in elderly patients. The aim of the study is to identify the baseline parameters that influenced therapeutic decision.

    Authors: David Tougeron, Hadji Hamidou, Michel Scotté, Frédéric Di Fiore, Michel Antonietti, Bernard Paillot and Pierre Michel
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:510
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. To assess the factors affecting the incidence of radiation-induced dermatitis in breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant 3 D conformal radiotherapy by the analysis of dosimetry and topical treatments.

    Authors: Miao-Fen Chen, Wen-Cheng Chen, Chia-Hsuan Lai, Chao-hsiung Hung, Kuo-Chi Liu and Yin-Hsuan Cheng
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:508
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) and basal-like breast cancers (BLBCs) are known as poor outcome subtypes with a lack of targeted therapy. Previous studies have shown conflicting results regarding the di...

    Authors: Yoon-La Choi, Ensel Oh, Sarah Park, Yeonju Kim, Yeon-Hee Park, Kyoung Song, Eun Yoon Cho, Yun-Chul Hong, Jong Sun Choi, Jeong Eon Lee, Jung Han Kim, Seok Jin Nam, Young-Hyuck Im, Jung-Hyun Yang and Young Kee Shin
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:507
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Cancer 2011 11:13

  19. Osteosarcoma (OSA) spontaneously arises in the appendicular skeleton of large breed dogs and shares many physiological and molecular biological characteristics with human OSA. The standard treatment for OSA in...

    Authors: Liza E O'Donoghue, Andrey A Ptitsyn, Debra A Kamstock, Janet Siebert, Russell S Thomas and Dawn L Duval
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:506
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. The cortical cytoskeleton network connects the actin cytoskeleton to various membrane proteins, influencing cell adhesion, polarity, migration and response to extracellular signals. Previous studies have sugge...

    Authors: Wolfgang A Schulz, Marc Ingenwerth, Carolle E Djuidje, Christiane Hader, Jörg Rahnenführer and Rainer Engers
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:505
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. Treatment strategies for Retinoblastoma (RB), the most common primary intraocular tumor in children, have evolved over the past few decades and chemoreduction is currently the most popular treatment strategy. ...

    Authors: Pina Fortunato, Serena Pillozzi, Angela Tamburini, Liliana Pollazzi, Alessandro Franchi, Agostino La Torre and Annarosa Arcangeli
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:504
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  22. Fibronectin 1 (FN1) is a glycoprotein involved in cellular adhesion and migration processes. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of FN1 in development of renal cell cancer (RCC) and to determine a pro...

    Authors: Sandra Waalkes, Faranaz Atschekzei, Mario W Kramer, Jörg Hennenlotter, Gesa Vetter, Jan U Becker, Arnulf Stenzl, Axel S Merseburger, Andres J Schrader, Markus A Kuczyk and Jürgen Serth
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:503
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. The involvement of miRNAs in the regulation of fundamental cellular functions has placed them at the fore of ongoing investigations into the processes underlying carcinogenesis. MiRNA expression patterns have ...

    Authors: Aoife J Lowery, Nicola Miller, Roisin M Dwyer and Michael J Kerin
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:502
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Tumour growth and metastatic infiltration are favoured by several components of the tumour microenvironment. Bone marrow-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are known to contribute to the tumou...

    Authors: Pascal-David Johann, Martin Vaegler, Friederike Gieseke, Philippa Mang, Sorin Armeanu-Ebinger, Torsten Kluba, Rupert Handgretinger and Ingo Müller
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:501
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Primary health care (PHC) professionals play a key role in population screening of colorectal cancer. The purposes of the study are: to assess knowledge and attitudes among PHC professionals with regard to col...

    Authors: Maria Ramos, Magdalena Esteva, Jesús Almeda, Elena Cabeza, Diana Puente, Rosa Saladich, Albert Boada and Maria Llagostera
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:500
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Hyaluronidases belong to a class of enzymes that degrade, predominantly, hyaluronan. These enzymes are known to be involved in physiological and pathological processes, such as tumor growth, infiltration and a...

    Authors: Helen Bouga, Isidoros Tsouros, Dimitrios Bounias, Dora Kyriakopoulou, Michael S Stavropoulos, Nikoletta Papageorgakopoulou, Dimitrios A Theocharis and Demitrios H Vynios
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:499
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. There is an insufficient number of reliable prognostic and response predictive biomarkers in colorectal cancer (CRC) management. In a previous study, we found that high tumour tissue expression of tumour-assoc...

    Authors: Alexander Gaber, Björn Nodin, Kristina Hotakainen, Elise Nilsson, Ulf-Håkan Stenman, Anders Bjartell, Helgi Birgisson and Karin Jirström
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:498
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. The four-transmembrane MAL2 protein is frequently overexpressed in breast carcinoma, and MAL2 overexpression is associated with gain of the corresponding locus at chromosome 8q24.12. Independent expression mic...

    Authors: Jennifer A Byrne, Sanaz Maleki, Jayne R Hardy, Brian S Gloss, Rajmohan Murali, James P Scurry, Susan Fanayan, Catherine Emmanuel, Neville F Hacker, Robert L Sutherland, Anna deFazio and Philippa M O'Brien
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:497
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. The intratumoral infiltration of T cells, especially memory T cells, is associated with a favorable prognosis in early colorectal cancers. However, the mechanism underlying this process remains elusive. This s...

    Authors: Rui-Qing Peng, Xiao-Jun Wu, Ya Ding, Chun-Yan Li, Xing-Juan Yu, Xing Zhang, Zhi-Zhong Pan, De-Sen Wan, Li-Ming Zheng, Yi-Xin Zeng and Xiao-Shi Zhang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:496
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Overexpression of sphingosine kinase-1 (SPHK1) has been demonstrated to be associated with the development and progression in various types of human cancers. The current study was to characterize the expressio...

    Authors: Guanglin Liu, Haiqing Zheng, Zhibing Zhang, Zhiqiang Wu, Huaping Xiong, Jun Li and Libing Song
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:495
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Thrombospondin-4 (THBS4) is a member of the extracellular calcium-binding protein family and is involved in cell adhesion and migration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential role of deregulation o...

    Authors: Sonia A Greco, June Chia, Kelly J Inglis, Sarah-Jane Cozzi, Ingunn Ramsnes, Ronald L Buttenshaw, Kevin J Spring, Glen M Boyle, Daniel L Worthley, Barbara A Leggett and Vicki LJ Whitehall
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:494
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. BRCA1 gene inactivation causes chromosomal instability, leading to rapid accumulation of chromosomal rearrangements and mutations. The loss of BRCA1 function due to either germline/somatic mutation or epigenet...

    Authors: Manohar Pradhan, Björn Å Risberg, Claes G Tropé, Matt van de Rijn, C Blake Gilks and Cheng-Han Lee
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:493
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most common type of primary liver cancer. Only few studies have focused on palliative radiotherapy used for patients who weren't suitable for resection by su...

    Authors: Yi-Xing Chen, Zhao-Chong Zeng, Zhao-You Tang, Jia Fan, Jian Zhou, Wei Jiang, Meng-Su Zeng and Yun-Shan Tan
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:492
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. New drugs are constantly sought after to improve the survival of patients with malignant gliomas. The ideal substance would selectively target tumor cells without eliciting toxic side effects. Here, we report ...

    Authors: Christian Senft, Margareth Polacin, Maike Priester, Volker Seifert, Donat Kögel and Jakob Weissenberger
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:491
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. Members of the ErbB family of growth factor receptors are intricately linked with epithelial cell biology, development and tumourigenesis; however, the mechanisms involved in their downstream signalling are po...

    Authors: Jenny Worthington, Mariana Bertani, Hong-Lin Chan, Bertran Gerrits and John F Timms
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:490
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Sunitinib is an oral, multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has been approved for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Although the majority of sunitinib-treated patients receive a clinical...

    Authors: Konstantinos T Papazisis, Lukas F Kontovinis, Christos N Papandreou, George Kouvatseas, Christos Lafaras, Evangelos Antonakis, Maria Christopoulou, Charalambos Andreadis, Despoina Mouratidou and Alexandros H Kortsaris
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:489
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. An increase in cancer cell invasion and microvascular density is associated with a poorer prognosis for patients with endometrial cancer. In endometrial adenocarcinoma F-prostanoid (FP) receptor expression is ...

    Authors: Margaret C Keightley, Kurt J Sales and Henry N Jabbour
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:488
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. Cytochrome P450-based suicide gene therapy for cancer using prodrugs such as cyclophosphamide (CPA) increases anti-tumor activity, both directly and via a bystander killing mechanism. Bystander cell killing is es...

    Authors: Joshua C Doloff, Ting Su and David J Waxman
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:487
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) to tumours remains a major obstacle for the development of RNA interference (RNAi)-based therapeutics. Following the promising pre-clinical and clinical results with t...

    Authors: Anna-Maria Anesti, Guy R Simpson, Toby Price, Hardev S Pandha and Robert S Coffin
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:486
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Increased mammographic breast density is a moderate risk factor for breast cancer. Different scales have been proposed for classifying mammographic density. This study sought to assess intra-rater agreement fo...

    Authors: Macarena Garrido-Estepa, Francisco Ruiz-Perales, Josefa Miranda, Nieves Ascunce, Isabel González-Román, Carmen Sánchez-Contador, Carmen Santamariña, Pilar Moreo, Carmen Vidal, Mercé Peris, María P Moreno, Jose A Váquez-Carrete, Francisca Collado-García, Francisco Casanova, María Ederra, Dolores Salas…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:485
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Transcription factors and nuclear receptors constitute a link between exposure to heterocyclic amines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from meat and tobacco smoke and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. The aim ...

    Authors: Vibeke Andersen, Jane Christensen, Kim Overvad, Anne Tjønneland and Ulla Vogel
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:484
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease associated with different patient prognosis and responses to therapy. Vitamin D has been emerging as a potential treatment for cancer, as it has been demonstrated that ...

    Authors: Nair Lopes, Bárbara Sousa, Diana Martins, Madalena Gomes, Daniella Vieira, Luiz A Veronese, Fernanda Milanezi, Joana Paredes, José L Costa and Fernando Schmitt
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:483
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Ciz1 promotes initiation of mammalian DNA replication and is present within nuclear matrix associated DNA replication factories. Depletion of Ciz1 from normal and cancer cells restrains entry to S phase and in...

    Authors: Faisal A Rahman, Naveed Aziz and Dawn Coverley
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:482
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. 17-Allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG), a benzoquinone ansamycin antibiotic, specifically targets heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) and interferes with its function as a molecular chaperone that maintains...

    Authors: Panagiotis K Karkoulis, Dimitrios J Stravopodis, Lukas H Margaritis and Gerassimos E Voutsinas
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:481
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. In the era of cytokines, patients with brain metastases (BM) from renal cell carcinoma had a significantly shorter survival than patients without. Targeted agents (TA) have improved the outcome of patients wit...

    Authors: Ursula M Vogl, Marija Bojic, Wolfgang Lamm, Josa M Frischer, Oskar Pichelmayer, Gero Kramer, Andrea Haitel, Klaus Kitz, Kaan Harmankaya, Christoph C Zielinski and Manuela Schmidinger
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:480
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Treatment standard for patients with primary glioblastoma (GBM) is combined radiochemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ). Radiation is delivered up to a total dose of 60 Gy using photons. Using this treatment reg...

    Authors: Stephanie E Combs, Meinhard Kieser, Stefan Rieken, Daniel Habermehl, Oliver Jäkel, Thomas Haberer, Anna Nikoghosyan, Renate Haselmann, Andreas Unterberg, Wolfgang Wick and Jürgen Debus
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:478
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  48. The cytokine-induced anti-apoptotic molecule (CIAPIN1) had been found to be a differentially-expressed gene involved in a variety of cancers, and it was also considered as a candidate tumour suppressor gene in...

    Authors: Hai Shi, Yi Zhou, Heliang Liu, Changsheng Chen, Shujun Li, Nanlin Li, Xiaohua Li, Xi Zhang, Hongwei Zhang, Weizhong Wang and Qingchuan Zhao
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:477
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Attempts to reduce morbidity and mortality in breast cancer is based on efforts to identify novel biomarkers to support prognosis and therapeutic choices. The present study has focussed on S100 proteins as a p...

    Authors: Patrizia Cancemi, Gianluca Di Cara, Nadia Ninfa Albanese, Francesca Costantini, Maria Rita Marabeti, Rosa Musso, Carmelo Lupo, Elena Roz and Ida Pucci-Minafra
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:476
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. We evaluated the long-term effect of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for primary small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ineligible for local therapy or surgery.

    Authors: Jung Hyun Kwon, Si Hyun Bae, Ji Yoon Kim, Byung Ock Choi, Hong Seok Jang, Jeong Won Jang, Jong Young Choi, Seung Kew Yoon and Kyu Won Chung
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:475
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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