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  1. Male breast cancer (MBC) is an uncommon and relatively uncharacterised disease accounting for <1% of all breast cancers. A significant proportion occurs in families with a history of breast cancer and in parti...

    Authors: Siddhartha Deb, Nicholas Jene, kConFab investigators and Stephen B Fox
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:510
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Single Base Substitutions (SBS) that alter transcripts expressed in cancer originate from somatic mutations. However, recent studies report SBS in transcripts that are not supported by the genomic DNA of tumor...

    Authors: Laurent Bianchetti, David Kieffer, Rémi Féderkeil and Olivier Poch
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:509
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor of childhood. Although the clinical outcome for medulloblastoma patients has improved significantly, children afflicted with the disease frequently suff...

    Authors: Brian Hutzen, Christopher R Pierson, Stephen J Russell, Evanthia Galanis, Corey Raffel and Adam W Studebaker
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:508
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. PCA3 is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) that is highly expressed in prostate cancer (PCa) cells, but its functional role is unknown. To investigate its putative function in PCa biology, we used gene expression knockd...

    Authors: Luciana Bueno Ferreira, Antonio Palumbo, Kivvi Duarte de Mello, Cinthya Sternberg, Mauricio S Caetano, Felipe Leite de Oliveira, Adriana Freitas Neves, Luiz Eurico Nasciutti, Luiz Ricardo Goulart and Etel Rodrigues Pereira Gimba
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:507
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. There are few studies of the effects of nasal snuff and environmental factors on the risk of nasal cancer. This study aimed to investigate the impact of using nasal snuff and of other risk factors on the risk ...

    Authors: Eberhard M Greiser, Karin Halina Greiser, Wolfgang Ahrens, Rudolf Hagen, Roland Lazszig, Heinz Maier, Bernhard Schick and Hans Peter Zenner
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:506
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression by binding to mRNA, and can function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors depending on the target. In this study, using qRT-PCR, we examined the expression of six miRNA...

    Authors: Kristina Schee, Kjetil Boye, Torveig Weum Abrahamsen, Øystein Fodstad and Kjersti Flatmark
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:505
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. While evidence on safety and efficacy of primary hypofractionated radiotherapy in prostate cancer is accumulating, data on postoperative hypofractionated treatment of the prostate bed and of the pelvic lymph n...

    Authors: Sonja Krause, Florian Sterzing, Dirk Neuhof, Lutz Edler, Juergen Debus and Klaus Herfarth
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:504
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  8. Infectious agents have been shown to contribute to the development of lymphoid malignancies. The different distribution of lymphoid malignancies in Asian and Western populations suggests possibly different eti...

    Authors: Yi-Chang Liu, Yi-Hsin Yang, Hui-Hua Hsiao, Wen-Chi Yang, Ta-Chih Liu, Chao-Sung Chang, Ming-Yu Yang, Pai-Mei Lin, Jui-Feng Hsu, Pi-Yu Chang and Sheng-Fung Lin
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:503
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Glutamine (Gln) supplementation during concurrent chemoradiotherapy (C-CRT) effectively reduces the incidence and severity of acute radiation-induced esophagitis (RIE). However, there are concerns that Gln mig...

    Authors: Erkan Topkan, Cem Parlak, Savas Topuk and Berrin Pehlivan
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:502
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. The epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) has been shown to be overexpressed in breast cancer and stem cells and has emerged as an attractive target for immunotherapy of breast cancer patients. This study ...

    Authors: Agnieszka Martowicz, Gilbert Spizzo, Guenther Gastl and Gerold Untergasser
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:501
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. We have recently reported that the expression of peptidylarginine deiminase 2 (PADI2) is regulated by EGF in mammary cancer cells and appears to play a role in the proliferation of normal mammary epithelium; h...

    Authors: John L McElwee, Sunish Mohanan, Obi L Griffith, Heike C Breuer, Lynne J Anguish, Brian D Cherrington, Ashley M Palmer, Louise R Howe, Venkataraman Subramanian, Corey P Causey, Paul R Thompson, Joe W Gray and Scott A Coonrod
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:500
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. ERBB3 binding protein 1 (EBP1) gene transfer into human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cells has been shown to significantly inhibit cell proliferation and reduce tumor metastasis in mouse models. In the curre...

    Authors: Jian Sun, Yixi Luo, Zhen Tian, Liang Gu, Shu Chi Xia and Youcheng Yu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:499
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. We retrospectively report treatment results of our single-centre experience with hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (hfSRT) of limited brain metastases in primary and recurrence disease situations. Our...

    Authors: Bettina Märtens, Stefan Janssen, Martin Werner, Jörg Frühauf, Hans Christiansen, Michael Bremer and Diana Steinmann
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:497
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. The purpose of this phase Ib clinical trial was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of PR-104 a bioreductive pre-prodrug given in combination with gemcitabine or docetaxel in patients with advanced s...

    Authors: Mark J McKeage, Michael B Jameson, Ramesh K Ramanathan, Joseph Rajendran, Yongchuan Gu, William R Wilson, Teresa J Melink and N Simon Tchekmedyian
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:496
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) assessment is a key component of clinical oncology trials. However, few breast cancer trials comparing adjuvant conventional radiotherapy (CR) and hypofractionated tomoth...

    Authors: Harijati Versmessen, Vincent Vinh-Hung, Hilde Van Parijs, Geertje Miedema, Mia Voordeckers, Nele Adriaenssens, Guy Storme and Mark De Ridder
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:495
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is a multifunctional protein playing both a key role in the metabolism of cholesterol and triglycerides, and in tissue repair and inflammation. The ApoE gene (19q13.2) has three major isof...

    Authors: Emma De Feo, Benedetto Simone, Roberto Persiani, Ferdinando Cananzi, Alberto Biondi, Dario Arzani, Rosarita Amore, Domenico D’Ugo, Gualtiero Ricciardi and Stefania Boccia
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:494
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. We recently developed two Bayesian networks, referred to as the Bayesian-Estimated Tools for Survival (BETS) models, capable of estimating the likelihood of survival at 3 and 12 months following surgery for pa...

    Authors: Jonathan Agner Forsberg, Rikard Wedin, Henrik CF Bauer, Bjarne H Hansen, Minna Laitinen, Clement S Trovik, Johnny Ø Keller, Patrick J Boland and John H Healey
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:493
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Androgen receptor (AR) signalling is critical to the initiation and progression of prostate cancer (PCa). Transcriptional activity of AR involves chromatin recruitment of co-activators, including the p300/CBP-...

    Authors: Ai-Yu Gong, Alex N Eischeid, Jing Xiao, Jian Zhao, Dongqing Chen, Zhao-Yi Wang, Charles YF Young and Xian-Ming Chen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:492
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Organised cervical screening, introduced in 1991, appears to have reduced rates of cervical cancer incidence and mortality in women in Australia. This study aimed to assess whether cervical cancer rates in mig...

    Authors: Nayyereh Aminisani, Bruce K Armstrong, Sam Egger and Karen Canfell
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:491
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. Previous studies have found a link between a low DNA repair capacity (DRC) level and increased cancer risk. Our aim was to assess the statistical association of DRC level and breast cancer (BC) using a case–co...

    Authors: Jaime Matta, Miguel Echenique, Esperanza Negron, Luisa Morales, Wanda Vargas, Felipe Sánchez Gaetan, Eduardo Ramírez Lizardi, Aníbal Torres, Jose Ortiz Rosado, Guillermo Bolaños, Juan González Cruz, Joaquín Laboy, Ricardo Barnes, Santos Santiago Medina, Ángel Romero, Rosendo Martinez…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:490
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. The reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome is a clinical/radiological syndrome characterized by headache, seizures, impaired vision, acute hypertension, and typical magnetic resonance imaging findin...

    Authors: Leonidas Chelis, Vasilios Souftas, Kiriakos Amarantidis, Nikolaos Xenidis, Eleni Chamalidou, Prokopios Dimopoulos, Prodromos Michailidis, Evagelos Christakidis, Panagiotis Prassopoulos and Stylianos Kakolyris
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:489
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  23. As major regulators of normal chondrogenesis, the bone morphogenic protein (BMP) and transforming growth factor β (TGFB) signaling pathways may be involved in the development and progression of central chondro...

    Authors: Stephane Boeuf, Judith VMG Bovée, Burkhard Lehner, Brendy van den Akker, Maayke van Ruler, Anne-Marie Cleton-Jansen and Wiltrud Richter
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:488
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. In Scotland colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and a leading cause of cancer death. Epidemiological studies have reported conflicting associations between statins and CRC risk and there is...

    Authors: Fatim Lakha, Evropi Theodoratou, Susan M Farrington, Albert Tenesa, Roseanne Cetnarskyj, Farhat V N Din, Mary E Porteous, Malcolm G Dunlop and Harry Campbell
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:487
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. CST6 promoter is highly methylated in cancer, and its detection can provide important prognostic information in breast cancer patients. The aim of our study was to develop a Methylation-Sensitive High Resolution...

    Authors: Lampros Dimitrakopoulos, Panagiotis A Vorkas, Vasilis Georgoulias and Evi S Lianidou
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:486
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high incidence and mortality. Radiotherapy and sorafenib have proven effective for HCC. Here, we investigated whether sorafenib modulated the response of HCC cells to irrad...

    Authors: Qiaoqiao Li, Yonghong Hu, Mian Xi, Liru He, Lei Zhao and Mengzhong Liu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:485
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) represents one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies worldwide. The DDC gene encodes L-DOPA decarboxylase, an enzyme catalyzing the decarboxylation of L-DOPA to...

    Authors: Panagiota-Aikaterini Geomela, Christos K Kontos, Ioannis Yiotakis, Emmanuel G Fragoulis and Andreas Scorilas
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:484
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Induction chemotherapy (ICT) with docetaxel, cisplatin and fluorouracil (TPF) followed by radiotherapy is an effective treatment option for unresectable locally advanced head and neck cancer. This phase I stud...

    Authors: Katrin Oertel, Karin Spiegel, Harald Schmalenberg, Andreas Dietz, Georg Maschmeyer, Thomas Kuhnt, Holger Sudhoff, Thomas G Wendt and Orlando Guntinas-Lichius
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:483
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. Data on efficacy of bevacizumab (B) beyond first-line taxane -including regimen (BT) as first-line treatment are lacking. Although preclinical results that anti-angiogenic agents combined with hormonal therapy...

    Authors: Alessandra Fabi, Michelangelo Russillo, Gianluigi Ferretti, Giulio Metro, Cecilia Nisticò, Paola Papaldo, Ferdinando De Vita, Giuliana D’Auria, Antonello Vidiri, Diana Giannarelli and Francesco Cognetti
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:482
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Despite advances in diagnostic and treatment strategies, head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) constitutes one of the worst cancer types in terms of prognosis. PTEN is one of the tumour suppressors whose ...

    Authors: Durmus Burgucu, Kenan Guney, Duygu Sahinturk, Irem Hicran Ozbudak, Deniz Ozel, Gulay Ozbilim and Ugur Yavuzer
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:481
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Breast cancer is a leading cause of death in developed countries. This neoplasm frequently relapses at distant sites such as bone, lung, pleura, brain and liver but rarely in the lower female genital tract.

    Authors: Filippo Bellati, Innocenza Palaia, Maria Luisa Gasparri, Angela Musella and Pierluigi Benedetti Panici
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:479
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  33. Knowledge about signaling pathways in malignant cells may provide prognostic and diagnostic information in addition to identify potential molecular targets for therapy. B-cell receptor (BCR) and co-receptor CD...

    Authors: Egil S Blix, Jonathan M Irish, Anne Husebekk, Jan Delabie, Lise Forfang, Anne M Tierens, June H Myklebust and Arne Kolstad
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:478
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. In vitro and in vivo studies have suggested that osteopontin (OPN) is associated with many types of cancers. However, no studies have reported the incidence of OPN polymorphisms and the risk of gastric cancer. T...

    Authors: Fujun Zhao, Xiaoyi Chen, Tingting Meng, Bo Hao, Zhihong Zhang and Guoxin Zhang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:477
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. The incidence of anal cancer, a Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-related neoplasia, has been increasing in recent decades, mainly in men who have sex with men (MSM). Cytological changes of the anal epithelium induce...

    Authors: Maria Gabriella Donà, Maria Benevolo, Amina Vocaturo, Guido Palamara, Alessandra Latini, Amalia Giglio, Domenico Moretto, Francesca Rollo, Giampaolo Impara, Fabrizio Ensoli, Fulvia Pimpinelli, Aldo Di Carlo and Massimo Giuliani
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:476
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Gastric cancer is the second most common cause of death from cancer in the world. Epidemiological findings on alcohol use in relation to gastric cancer remain controversial. The aim of this study was to examin...

    Authors: Ruta Everatt, Abdonas Tamosiunas, Irena Kuzmickiene, Dalia Virviciute, Ricardas Radisauskas, Regina Reklaitiene and Egle Milinaviciene
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:475
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Current studies on adherence to endocrine therapy in breast cancer patients suffer from methodological limitations due to a lack of well-validated methods for assessing adherence. There is no gold standard for...

    Authors: Anne S Oberguggenberger, Monika Sztankay, Beate Beer, Birthe Schubert, Verena Meraner, Herbert Oberacher, Georg Kemmler, Johannes Giesinger, Eva Gamper, Barbara Sperner-Unterweger, Christian Marth, Bernhard Holzner and Michael Hubalek
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:474
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. The rate of microscopic incomplete resections of gastrointestinal cancers including pancreatic cancer has not changed considerably over the past years. Future intra-operative applications of tissue tolerable p...

    Authors: Lars Ivo Partecke, Katja Evert, Jan Haugk, Friderike Doering, Lars Normann, Stephan Diedrich, Frank-Ulrich Weiss, Matthias Evert, Nils Olaf Huebner, Cristin Guenther, Claus Dieter Heidecke, Axel Kramer, René Bussiahn, Klaus-Dieter Weltmann, Onur Pati, Claudia Bender…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:473
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. A large proportion of women with breast cancer (BC) are elderly. However, there is a lack of information regarding BC prognostic factors and care in this population. The aims of this study were to assess the p...

    Authors: Pegdwende Olivia Dialla, Tienhan Sandrine Dabakuyo, Sophie Marilier, Julie Gentil, Patrick Roignot, Ariane Darut-Jouve, Marie-Laure Poillot, Valérie Quipourt and Patrick Arveux
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:472
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Adjuvant Online (AOL) is web-accessible risk-assessment model that predicts the mortality and the benefits of adjuvant therapy (http://​www.​newadjuvantonlin​e.​com

    Authors: Minkyu Jung, Geon Woo Kim, Inkyung Jung, Joong Bae Ahn, Jae Kyung Roh, Sun Young Rha, Hyun Cheol Chung, Nam Kyu Kim, Tae Il Kim and Sang Joon Shin
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:471
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. The histone H3K27 demethylases UTX and JMJD3 are important regulatory factors that modulate gene expression by altering the physical state of chromatin. Previous studies have indicated an abnormal H3K27 methyl...

    Authors: Yongqing Shen, Xiaoqiang Guo, Yuejia Wang, Wei Qiu, Yanzhong Chang, Aili Zhang and Xianglin Duan
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:470
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Anti-cancer drugs are widely used in cancer treatment frequently combined with surgical therapy and/or radiation therapy. Although surgery and radiation have been suggested to facilitate invasion and metastasi...

    Authors: Masato Eitaki, Tohru Yamamori, Shunsuke Meike, Hironobu Yasui and Osamu Inanami
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:469
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Genetic variants in inflammation-related genes have been associated with biliary stones and biliary tract cancers in previous studies.

    Authors: Felipe A Castro, Jill Koshiol, Ann W Hsing, Yu-Tang Gao, Asif Rashid, Lisa W Chu, Ming-Chang Shen, Bing-Shen Wang, Tian-Qua Han, Bai-He Zhang, Shelley Niwa, Kai Yu, Hong Zhang, Stephen Chanock and Gabriella Andreotti
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:468
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. MTHFR 677C>T polymorphism is a genetic alteration in an enzyme involved in folate metabolism, but its effect on host susceptibility to cervical cancer is still uncertain. The aim of this study was to investiga...

    Authors: Qiang Mei, Daijun Zhou, Jinyu Gao, Shu Shen, Jinlin Wu, Linna Guo and Zhiqing Liang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:467
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. Cholangiocarcinoma (CC) is a primary liver cancer with increasing incidence worldwide. Despite all efforts made in past years, prognosis remains to be poor. At least in part, this might be explained by a prono...

    Authors: Thorsten Lieke, Wolf Ramackers, Sabine Bergmann, Jürgen Klempnauer, Michael Winkler and Johannes Klose
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:466
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Because of the infrequence of salivary gland tumours and their complex histopathological diagnosis it is still difficult to exactly predict their clinical course by means of recurrence, malignant progression a...

    Authors: Jochen Winter, Annette Pantelis, Dominik Kraus, Jan Reckenbeil, Rudolf Reich, Soeren Jepsen, Hans-Peter Fischer, Jean-Pierre Allam, Natalija Novak and Matthias Wenghoefer
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:465
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), a calcium-binding matricellular glycoprotein, is implicated in the progressions of some cancers. However, no information has been available to date regardi...

    Authors: Jie Chen, Dehuan Shi, Xiaoyan Liu, Shuang Fang, Jie Zhang and Yueran Zhao
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:464
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. Only a minority of cancer patients benefits from the combination of EGFR-inhibition and radiotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). A potential resistance mechanism is activation of EGFR and...

    Authors: Hanneke Stegeman, Johannes H Kaanders, Deric L Wheeler, Albert J van der Kogel, Marieke M Verheijen, Stijn J Waaijer, Mari Iida, Reidar Grénman, Paul N Span and Johan Bussink
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:463
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Advanced ovarian cancer is characterized by peritoneal metastasis and the accumulation of ascites. Peritoneal metastasis of ovarian cancer is a major cause of the negative treatment outcome, as these metastase...

    Authors: Hiroaki Konishi, Akimitsu Takagi, Akinobu Kurita, Norimasa Kaneda and Takeshi Matsuzaki
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:462
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. The polycomb group (PcG) family BMI1, acting downstream of the hedgehog (Hh) pathway, plays an essential role in the self-renewal of haematopoietic, neural, and intestinal stem cells, and is dysregulated in ma...

    Authors: Reigetsu Yoshikawa, Tohru Tsujimura, Lihua Tao, Norihiko Kamikonya and Yoshinori Fujiwara
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:461
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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