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  1. The aim was to assess and compare prognostic power of nine breast cancer gene signatures (Intrinsic, PAM50, 70-gene, 76-gene, Genomic-Grade-Index, 21-gene-Recurrence-Score, EndoPredict, Wound-Response and Hypo...

    Authors: Xi Zhao, Einar Andreas Rødland, Therese Sørlie, Hans Kristian Moen Vollan, Hege G Russnes, Vessela N Kristensen, Ole Christian Lingjærde and Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:211
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Unraveling the signaling pathways responsible for the establishment of a metastatic phenotype in carcinoma cells is critically important for understanding the pathology of cancer. The acquisition of cell motil...

    Authors: Kun Cai, Kirk Mulatz, Ryan Ard, Thanh Nguyen and Stephen H Gee
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:208
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Organized screening based on Pap tests has substantially reduced deaths from cervical cancer in many countries, including Australia. However, the impact of the program depends upon the degree to which women pa...

    Authors: Farhana Sultana, Dallas R English, Julie A Simpson, Julia ML Brotherton, Kelly Drennan, Robyn Mullins, Stella Heley, C David Wrede, Marion Saville and Dorota M Gertig
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:207
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  4. The predictive value of thymidylate synthase (TS) for clinical sensitivity to pemetrexed-containing chemotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial. This meta-analysis is...

    Authors: Lei Wang, Rui Wang, Yunjian Pan, Yihua Sun, Jie Zhang and Haiquan Chen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:205
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Companion animals like dogs frequently develop tumors with age and similarly to human malignancies, display interpatient tumoral heterogeneity. Tumors are frequently characterized with regard to their mutation...

    Authors: Nicole Grosse, Barbara van Loon and Carla Rohrer Bley
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:203
    Content type: Debate Published on:

  6. Febrile neutropenia (FN) is common in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Risk factors for FN have been reported, but risk models that include genetic variability have yet to be described. This stu...

    Authors: Alena M Pfeil, Christof Vulsteke, Robert Paridaens, Anne-Sophie Dieudonné, Ruth Pettengell, Sigrid Hatse, Patrick Neven, Diether Lambrechts, Thomas D Szucs, Matthias Schwenkglenks and Hans Wildiers
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:201
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Previous studies have profiled breast cancer compared to normal breast tissue and identified differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs). These miRNAs are then assessed in serum of breast cancer patients compa...

    Authors: Silvia Zearo, Edward Kim, Ying Zhu, Jing Ting Zhao, Stan B Sidhu, Bruce G Robinson and Patsy SH Soon
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:200
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Despite being a critical survivorship care issue, there is a clear gap in current knowledge of the optimal treatment of sexual dysfunction in men with prostate cancer. There is sound theoretical rationale and ...

    Authors: Prue Cormie, Suzanne K Chambers, Robert U Newton, Robert A Gardiner, Nigel Spry, Dennis R Taaffe, David Joseph, M Akhlil Hamid, Peter Chong, David Hughes, Kyra Hamilton and Daniel A Galvão
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:199
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  9. ST2, a member of the interleukin (IL)-1receptor family, regulates Th1/Th2 immune responses in autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. However, the role of ST2 signaling in tumor growth and metastasis of breast...

    Authors: Da-peng Lu, Xiang-yu Zhou, Lu-tian Yao, Cai-gang Liu, Wei Ma, Feng Jin and Yun-fei Wu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:198
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. We conducted a dose–response meta-analysis of prospective studies to summarize evidence of the association between tea consumption and the risk of breast, colorectal, liver, prostate, and stomach cancer.

    Authors: Feifei Yu, Zhichao Jin, Hong Jiang, Chun Xiang, Jianyuan Tang, Tuo Li and Jia He
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:197
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Methionine adenosyltransferase 2A (MAT2A) is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) by joining methionine and ATP. SAMe is a methyl donor for transmethylation and has an importan...

    Authors: Xuliang Wang, Xiaoqiang Guo, Wenshui Yu, Cailing Li, Yaoting Gui and Zhiming Cai
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:196
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. The serine-threonine kinase AKT1 plays essential roles during normal mammary gland development as well as the initiation and progression of breast cancer. AKT1 is generally considered a ubiquitously expressed gen...

    Authors: Jeffrey W Schmidt, Barbara L Wehde, Kazuhito Sakamoto, Aleata A Triplett, William W West and Kay-Uwe Wagner
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:195
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. KIAA1199 is a recently identified novel gene that is up-regulated in human cancer with poor survival. Our proteomic study on signaling polarity in chemotactic cells revealed KIAA1199 as a novel protein target th...

    Authors: Mohammad-Saeid Jami, Jinxuan Hou, Miao Liu, Michelle L Varney, Hesham Hassan, Jixin Dong, Liying Geng, Jing Wang, Fang Yu, Xin Huang, Hong Peng, Kai Fu, Yan Li, Rakesh K Singh and Shi-Jian Ding
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:194
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is a novel tumor blood supply in some highly aggressive malignant tumors. Recently, we reported VM existed in gallbladder carcinomas (GBCs) and the formation of the special passage th...

    Authors: Jing-Tao Zhang, Wei Sun, Wen-Zhong Zhang, Chun-Yan Ge, Zhong-Yan Liu, Ze-Ming Zhao, Xing-Sui Lu and Yue-Zu Fan
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:193
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is the cornerstone of treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Although high local control is achieved, overall rates of distant control remain suboptimal. Colo...

    Authors: Jaime Gomez-Millan, Lydia Perez, Ines Aroca, Maria del Mar Delgado, Vanessa De Luque, Alicia Román, Esperanza Torres, Soraya Ramos, Sofia Perez, Eloisa Bayo and Jose Antonio Medina
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:192
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. The cytoskeletal organizer ezrin is a member of the ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM) family and plays important roles in not only cell motility, cell adhesion, and apoptosis, but also in various cell signaling pathw...

    Authors: Tiefeng Jin, Jingchun Jin, Xiangyu Li, Songnan Zhang, Yun Ho Choi, Yingshi Piao, Xionghu Shen and Zhenhua Lin
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:191
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is differently expressed in breast cancer, and its presence may favor cancer progression. We hypothesized that two EGFR functional polymorphisms, a (CA)n repeat in intr...

    Authors: Marcelo Sobral Leite, Letícia Carlos Giacomin, Diogo Nascimento Piranda, Juliana Simões Festa-Vasconcellos, Vanessa Indio-do-Brasil, Sérgio Koifman, Rodrigo Soares de Moura-Neto, Marcelo Alex de Carvalho and Rosane Vianna-Jorge
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:190
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Nuclear alterations are a well-known manifestation of cancer. However, little is known about the early, microscopically-undetectable stages of malignant transformation. Based on the phenomenon of field canceri...

    Authors: Lusik Cherkezyan, Yolanda Stypula-Cyrus, Hariharan Subramanian, Craig White, Mart Dela Cruz, Ramesh K Wali, Michael J Goldberg, Laura K Bianchi, Hemant K Roy and Vadim Backman
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:189
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Prospective data on alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking and risk of head-neck cancer (HNC) subtypes, i.e. oral cavity cancer (OCC), oro-/hypopharyngeal cancer (OHPC), and laryngeal cancer (LC), are limited....

    Authors: Denise HE Maasland, Piet A van den Brandt, Bernd Kremer, R Alexandra (Sandra) Goldbohm and Leo J Schouten
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:187
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. Since the “War on Cancer” was declared in 1971, the United States alone has expended some $300 billion on research, with a heavy focus on the role of genomics in anticancer therapy. Voluminous data have been c...

    Authors: Björn LDM Brücher, Gary Lyman, Richard van Hillegersberg, Raphael E Pollock, Florian Lordick, Han-Kwang Yang, Toshikazu Ushijima, Khay-Guan Yeoh, Tomas Skricka, Wojciech Polkowski, Grzegorz Wallner, Vic Verwaal, Alfredo Garofalo, Domenico D’Ugo, Franco Roviello, Hans-Ulrich Steinau…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:186
    Content type: Debate Published on:

  22. Non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) are highly heterogeneous at the molecular level and comprise 75% of all lung tumors. We have previously shown that the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) MET frequently suffers ...

    Authors: Rajani Kanteti, Essam El-Hashani, Immanuel Dhanasingh, Maria Tretiakova, Aliya N Husain, Sherven Sharma, Jay Sharma, Everett E Vokes and Ravi Salgia
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:185
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. We assessed the activity and toxicity of the XELBEVOCT regimen in patients with metastatic well-to-moderately differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms (WMD-NEN). Ancillary studies evaluated hypertension, protei...

    Authors: Alfredo Berruti, Nicola Fazio, Anna Ferrero, Maria Pia Brizzi, Marco Volante, Elisabetta Nobili, Lucia Tozzi, Lisa Bodei, Mirella Torta, Antonio D’Avolio, Adriano Massimiliano Priola, Nadia Birocco, Vito Amoroso, Guido Biasco, Mauro Papotti and Luigi Dogliotti
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:184
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. In Europe, gastric cancer remains diagnosed at advanced stage (serosal and/or lymph node involvement). Despite curative management combining perioperative systemic chemotherapy and gastrectomy with D1-D2 lymph...

    Authors: Olivier Glehen, Guillaume Passot, Laurent Villeneuve, Delphine Vaudoyer, Sylvie Bin-Dorel, Gilles Boschetti, Eric Piaton and Alfredo Garofalo
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:183
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  25. MLK3 gene mutations were described to occur in about 20% of microsatellite unstable gastrointestinal cancers and to harbor oncogenic activity. In particular, mutation P252H, located in the kinase domain, was f...

    Authors: Sérgia Velho, Ana Pinto, Danilo Licastro, Maria José Oliveira, Filipa Sousa, Elia Stupka and Raquel Seruca
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:182
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. SMAD4 is a gastrointestinal malignancy-specific tumor suppressor gene found mutated in one third of colorectal cancer specimens and half of pancreatic tumors. SMAD4 inactivation by allelic deletion or intragen...

    Authors: Yu-Wen Chen, Pi-Jung Hsiao, Ching-Chieh Weng, Kung-Kai Kuo, Tzu-Lei Kuo, Deng-Chyang Wu, Wen-Chun Hung and Kuang-Hung Cheng
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:181
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. The adaptive immune response to colorectal cancer is important for survival. Less is understood about the role of innate lymphocytes, such as Natural Killer (NK) cells, which are abundant in human liver.

    Authors: Siân A Pugh, Rebecca J Harrison, John N Primrose and Salim I Khakoo
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:180
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. PTEN inactivation is the most frequent genetic aberration in endometrial cancer. One of the phosphatase-independent roles of PTEN is associated with homologous recombination (HR) in nucleus. Poly (ADP-ribose) ...

    Authors: Aki Miyasaka, Katsutoshi Oda, Yuji Ikeda, Osamu Wada-Hiraike, Tomoko Kashiyama, Atsushi Enomoto, Noriko Hosoya, Takahiro Koso, Tomohiko Fukuda, Kanako Inaba, Kenbun Sone, Yuriko Uehara, Reiko Kurikawa, Kazunori Nagasaka, Yoko Matsumoto, Takahide Arimoto…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:179
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. Tumor endothelial transdifferentiation and VEGFR1/2 expression by cancer cells have been reported in glioblastoma but remain poorly documented for many other cancer types.

    Authors: Ivan Bieche, Sophie Vacher, David Vallerand, Sophie Richon, Rana Hatem, Ludmilla De Plater, Ahmed Dahmani, Fariba Némati, Eric Angevin, Elisabetta Marangoni, Sergio Roman-Roman, Didier Decaudin and Virginie Dangles-Marie
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:178
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. NanoString’s Prosigna™ Breast Cancer Prognostic Gene Signature Assay is based on the PAM50 gene expression signature. The test outputs a risk of recurrence (ROR) score, risk category, and intrinsic subtype (Lu...

    Authors: Torsten Nielsen, Brett Wallden, Carl Schaper, Sean Ferree, Shuzhen Liu, Dongxia Gao, Garrett Barry, Naeem Dowidar, Malini Maysuria and James Storhoff
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:177
    Content type: Technical advance Published on:

  31. The inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) protein Survivin and its splice variants are differentially expressed in breast cancer tissues. Our previous work showed Survivin is released from tumor cells via small membran...

    Authors: Salma Khan, Heather Ferguson Bennit, David Turay, Mia Perez, Saied Mirshahidi, Yuan Yuan and Nathan R Wall
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:176
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Despite introduction of effective chemotherapy protocols, it has remained uncertain, if patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastases should receive adjuvant therapy. Clinical or molecular predictors ...

    Authors: Nuh N Rahbari, Christoph Reissfelder, Henning Schulze-Bergkamen, Dirk Jäger, Markus W Büchler, Jürgen Weitz and Moritz Koch
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:174
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. Tamoxifen, an endocrine therapy drug used to treat breast cancer, is designed to interrupt estrogen signaling by blocking the estrogen receptor (ER). However, many ER-positive patients are low reactive or resi...

    Authors: Ji Ma, Yan Guo, Suning Chen, Cuiping Zhong, Yan Xue, Yuan Zhang, Xiaofeng Lai, Yifang Wei, Shentong Yu, Jian Zhang and Wenchao Liu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:172
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. While ovarian cancer is recognised as having identifiable early symptoms, understanding of the key determinants of symptom awareness and early presentation is limited. A population-based survey of ovarian canc...

    Authors: Kate E Brain, Stephanie Smits, Alice E Simon, Lindsay J Forbes, Chris Roberts, Iain J Robbé, John Steward, Ceri White, Richard D Neal and Jane Hanson
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:171
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Neoadjuvant endocrine therapy with an aromatase inhibitor has shown efficacy comparable to that of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with postmenopausal breast cancer. Preclinical and clinical studies have ...

    Authors: Jisun Kim, Woosung Lim, Eun-Kyu Kim, Min-Kyoon Kim, Nam-Sun Paik, Sang-Seol Jeong, Jung-han Yoon, Chan Heun Park, Sei Hyun Ahn, Lee Su Kim, Sehwan Han, Seok Jin Nam, Han-Sung Kang, Seung Il Kim, Young Bum Yoo, Joon Jeong…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:170
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  38. Ewing’s sarcoma (ES) is the second most frequent primitive malignant bone tumor in adolescents with a very poor prognosis for high risk patients, mainly when lung metastases are detected (overall survival <15%...

    Authors: Guillaume Odri, Pui-Pui Kim, François Lamoureux, Céline Charrier, Séverine Battaglia, Jérôme Amiaud, Dominique Heymann, François Gouin and Françoise Redini
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:169
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Pancreatic cancer is the third most common cancer related cause of death. Even in the 15% of patients who are eligible for surgical resection the outlook is dismal with less than 10% of patients surviving afte...

    Authors: Friedrich H Schmitz-Winnenthal, Thomas Schmidt, Monika Lehmann, Philipp Beckhove, Meinhard Kieser, Anthony D Ho, Peter Dreger and Markus W Büchler
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:168
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  40. Platelets play a fundamental role in maintaining hemostasis and have been shown to participate in hematogenous dissemination of tumor cells. Abundant platelets were detected in the tumor microenvironment outsi...

    Authors: Rong Li, Meiping Ren, Ni Chen, Mao Luo, Xin Deng, Jiyi Xia, Guang Yu, Jinbo Liu, Bing He, Xu Zhang, Zhuo Zhang, Xiao Zhang, Bing Ran and Jianbo Wu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:167
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. This phase II study evaluated the efficacy and safety/tolerability of sunitinib plus trastuzumab in patients with HER2-positive advanced breast cancer (ABC).

    Authors: Thomas Bachelot, Jose A Garcia-Saenz, Sunil Verma, Maya Gutierrez, Xavier Pivot, Mark F Kozloff, Catherine Prady, Xin Huang, Reza Khosravan, Zhixiao Wang, Rossano Cesari, Vanessa Tassell, Kenneth A Kern, Jean-Yves Blay and Ana Lluch
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:166
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP), alternatively called fortilin, is believed to be involved in the development of the chemoresistance of tumor cells against anticancer drugs such as etoposide, t...

    Authors: Jaehoon Jung, Hyo Young Kim, Jeehye Maeng, Moonhee Kim, Dong Hae Shin and Kyunglim Lee
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:165
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Cysteine-rich 61 (Cyr61), a member of the CCN protein family, possesses diverse functionality in cellular processes such as adhesion, migration, proliferation, and survival. Cyr61 can also function as an oncog...

    Authors: Dongjun Jeong, Suhak Heo, Tae Sung Ahn, Sookyoung Lee, Soyoung Park, Hyungjoo Kim, Doosan Park, Sang Byung Bae, Sung Soo Lee, Moon Soo Lee, Chang-Jin Kim and Moo Jun Baek
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:164
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Lower breast cancer survival has been reported for Australian Aboriginal women compared to non-Aboriginal women, however the reasons for this disparity have not been fully explored. We compared the surgical tr...

    Authors: Rajah Supramaniam, Alison Gibberd, Anthony Dillon, David Eamon Goldsbury and Dianne L O’Connell
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:163
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. The effects of exposure to ultraviolet radiation are a significant concern in Australia which has one of the highest incidences of skin cancer in the world. Despite most skin cancers being preventable by encou...

    Authors: Cathy M Cleary, Katherine M White, Ross McD Young, Anna L Hawkes, Stuart Leske, Louise C Starfelt and Kylie Wihardjo
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:162
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  46. Cervical cancer is the first female cancer in Lao PDR, a low-income country with no national screening and prevention programs for this human papillomavirus (HPV) associated pathology. HIV-infected women have ...

    Authors: Chanvilay SICHANH, Fabrice QUET, Phetsavanh CHANTHAVILAY, Joeffroy DIENDERE, Vatthanaphone LATTHAPHASAVANG, Christophe LONGUET and Yves BUISSON
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:161
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in patients with colorectal cancer prevents effective treatment and leads to unnecessary and burdensome chemotherapy. Therefore, prediction of 5-FU resistance is imperative.

    Authors: Ji-Won Park, Seung Cheol Kim, Won Ki Kim, Jun Pyu Hong, Kyung-Hee Kim, Hyun Yang Yeo, Jae Yong Lee, M Sun Kim, Jong Heon Kim, Se Young Yang, Dae Yong Kim, Jae Hwan Oh, Jae Youl Cho and Byong Chul Yoo
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:160
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. The molecular basis to overcome therapeutic resistance to treat glioblastoma remains unclear. The anti-apoptotic b cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) gene is associated with treatment resistance, and is transactivated by the...

    Authors: Noelyn Hung, Yu-Jen Chen, Ahmad Taha, Magnus Olivecrona, Ronald Boet, Anna Wiles, Tracy Warr, Alisha Shaw, Ramona Eiholzer, Bruce C Baguley, Michael R Eccles, Antony W Braithwaite, Martin MacFarlane, Janice A Royds and Tania Slatter
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:159
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. In the present study we determined the relative contribution of two processes to breast cancer progression: (1) Intrinsic events, such as activation of the Ras pathway and down-regulation of p53; (2) The infla...

    Authors: Tal Leibovich-Rivkin, Yulia Liubomirski, Tsipi Meshel, Anastasia Abashidze, Daphna Brisker, Hilla Solomon, Varda Rotter, Miguel Weil and Adit Ben-Baruch
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:158
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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