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Translational oncology

This section aims to consider publications which bridge laboratory basic science and applied clinical research. The section will publish studies of diagnostic and prognostic markers which may ultimately be applicable in a clinical setting with a special focus on molecular and experimental pathology. Submissions need to be REMARK compliant as established in NCI-EORTC's "Reporting Recommendations for Tumor Marker Prognostic Studies " (J Clin Oncol 23:9067, 2005) and should report biomarkers that have a clear biologic relevance to a particular tumor type.

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  1. Content type: Research article

    To clarify the effect of anaesthetic agents on cancer immunity, we evaluated the effects of propofol and sevoflurane on natural killer (NK) cell, cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) counts and apoptosis rate in breas...

    Authors: Jeong-Ae Lim, Chung-Sik Oh, Tae-Gyoon Yoon, Ji Yeon Lee, Seung-Hyun Lee, Young-Bum Yoo, Jung-Hyun Yang and Seong-Hyop Kim

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:159

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  2. Content type: Research article

    Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2; formed by EZH2, SUZ12, and EED protein subunits) and PRC1 (BMI1 protein) induce gene silencing through histone modification by H3K27me3. In the present study, we characteri...

    Authors: Yong Jin Cho, Soo Hee Kim, Eun Kyung Kim, Jung Woo Han, Kyoo-Ho Shin, Hyuk Hu, Kyung Sik Kim, Young Deuk Choi, Sunghoon Kim, Young Han Lee, Jin-Suck Suh, Joong Bae Ahn, Hyun Cheol Chung, Sung Hoon Noh, Sun Young Rha, Sung-Taek Jung…

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:158

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  3. Content type: Research article

    Limited data are available regarding the ability of biomarkers to predict complete pathological response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer. Complete response translates to bett...

    Authors: J. Martinez-Useros, I. Moreno, M. J. Fernandez-Aceñero, M. Rodriguez-Remirez, A. Borrero-Palacios, A. Cebrian, T. Gomez del Pulgar, L. del Puerto-Nevado, W. Li, A. Puime-Otin, N. Perez, M. S. Soengas and J. Garcia-Foncillas

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:144

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  4. Content type: Research article

    We investigated the effect of arsenic trioxide (ATO) for inhibition of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in gastric cancer cells, and the ro...

    Authors: Sung Ho Kim, Hyo Soon Yoo, Moon Kyung Joo, Taehyun Kim, Jong-Jae Park, Beom Jae Lee, Hoon Jai Chun, Sang Woo Lee and Young-Tae Bak

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:150

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  5. Content type: Research article

    microRNAs (miRNAs) are considered promising cancer biomarkers, showing high reliability, sensitivity and stability. Our study aimed to identify associations between whole blood miRNA profiles, presence of circ...

    Authors: Marianna Alunni-Fabbroni, Leonie Majunke, Elisabeth K. Trapp, Marie Tzschaschel, Sven Mahner, Peter A. Fasching, Tanja Fehm, Andreas Schneeweiss, Thomas Beck, Ralf Lorenz, Thomas W. P. Friedl, Wolfgang Janni and Brigitte Rack

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:141

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  6. Content type: Research article

    Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor with median survival of 12-15 months. Owing to uncertainty in clinical outcome, additional prognostic marker(s) apart from existing markers are neede...

    Authors: Suhas Vasaikar, Giorgos Tsipras, Natalia Landázuri, Helena Costa, Vanessa Wilhelmi, Patrick Scicluna, Huanhuan L. Cui, Abdul-Aleem Mohammad, Belghis Davoudi, Mingmei Shang, Sharan Ananthaseshan, Klas Strååt, Giuseppe Stragliotto, Afsar Rahbar, Kum Thong Wong, Jesper Tegner…

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:154

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  7. Content type: Research article

    Programmed death-1 ligand-1 (PD-L1) an important cancer biomarker that can suppress the immune system and its high expression is often reported to be related with increased tumor aggressiveness in some cancers...

    Authors: Koji Harada, Tarannum Ferdous and Yoshiya Ueyama

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:156

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  8. Content type: Research article

    HtrA1 is expressed in a variety of normal human tissues and seems to be involved in numerous physiological processes as well as tumorigenesis. This study reports the results of a meta-analysis that was perform...

    Authors: Emma Altobelli, Paolo Matteo Angeletti, Manrico Morroni and Valerio Filippo Profeta

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:143

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  9. Content type: Research article

    Although EGFR-TKI is the preferred treatment for NSCLC patients with sensitive mutations, subsequent drug resistance is almost inevitable. The specific mechanisms of EGFR-TKI drug resistance can be identified ...

    Authors: Zan-Feng Wang, Sheng-Xiang Ren, Wei Li and Guang-Hui Gao

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:148

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  10. Content type: Research article

    Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been demonstrated to significantly influence prognosis and response to therapy of invasive breast cancer (IBC). Thus, it has been suggested that TIL density or/and i...

    Authors: Marie Beguinot, Marie-Melanie Dauplat, Fabrice Kwiatkowski, Guillaume Lebouedec, Lucie Tixier, Christophe Pomel, Frederique Penault-Llorca and Nina Radosevic-Robin

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:129

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  11. Content type: Research article

    Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) is a candidate diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Here, we determined the possible association of systemic TIMP-1...

    Authors: Olga Prokopchuk, Barbara Grünwald, Ulrich Nitsche, Carsten Jäger, Oleksii L. Prokopchuk, Elaine C. Schubert, Helmut Friess, Marc E. Martignoni and Achim Krüger

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:128

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  12. Content type: Research article

    Pancreatic cancer is associated with an extremely poor prognosis, so new biomarkers that can detect the initial stages are urgently needed. The significance of serum microRNA (miR) levels in pancreatic neoplas...

    Authors: Takuma Goto, Mikihiro Fujiya, Hiroaki Konishi, Junpei Sasajima, Shugo Fujibayashi, Akihiro Hayashi, Tatsuya Utsumi, Hiroki Sato, Takuya Iwama, Masami Ijiri, Aki Sakatani, Kazuyuki Tanaka, Yoshiki Nomura, Nobuhiro Ueno, Shin Kashima, Kentaro Moriichi…

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:116

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  13. Content type: Research article

    Metastatic breast cancer (BCa) is most often diagnosed months after completion of treatment of the primary tumor when a patient reports physical symptoms. Besides a physical examination, no other alternative r...

    Authors: Rick L. Evans, James V. Pottala, Satoshi Nagata and Kristi A. Egland

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:119

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  14. Content type: Research article

    Over time, the chance of cure after the diagnosis of breast cancer has been increasing, as a consequence of earlier diagnosis, improved diagnostic procedures and more effective treatment options. However, onco...

    Authors: Pierre Frères, Nassim Bouznad, Laurence Servais, Claire Josse, Stéphane Wenric, Aurélie Poncin, Jérôme Thiry, Marie Moonen, Cécile Oury, Patrizio Lancellotti, Vincent Bours and Guy Jerusalem

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:102

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  15. Content type: Research article

    Melanoma has two key features, an over-representation of UV-induced mutations and resistance to DNA damaging chemotherapy agents. Both of these features may result from dysfunction of the nucleotide excision r...

    Authors: Timothy Budden, Andre van der Westhuizen and Nikola A. Bowden

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:100

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  16. Content type: Research article

    TSP50 (testes-specific protease 50) has been reported to be a candidate oncogene and is overexpressed in various cancers. Our previous study demonstrated that TSP50 protein is elevated in gastric cancer, and i...

    Authors: Qing-Hua Cao, Fang Liu, Chang-Zhao Li, Ni Liu, Man Shu, Yuan Lin, Li Ding and Ling Xue

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:94

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  17. Content type: Research article

    Scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) has been reported to be involved in carcinogenesis of several human cancers. However, it is currently unknown whether SR-BI plays a role in clear cell renal cell carci...

    Authors: Guang-hua Xu, Ning Lou, Hang-chuan Shi, Yu-chen Xu, Hai-long Ruan, Wen Xiao, Lei Liu, Xiang Li, Hai-bing Xiao, Bin Qiu, Lin Bao, Chang-fei Yuan, Ya-li Zhou, Wen-jun Hu, Ke Chen, Hong-mei Yang…

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:88

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  18. Content type: Technical advance

    Metastases play a role in about 90% of cancer deaths. Markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) measured in primary tumor cancer cells might provide diagnostic information about the likelihood that ca...

    Authors: Evan L. Busch, Prabhani Kuruppumullage Don, Haitao Chu, David B. Richardson, Temitope O. Keku, David A. Eberhard, Christy L. Avery and Robert S. Sandler

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:82

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  19. Content type: Research article

    Vaccination of mice with tumors treated with Doxorubicin promotes a T cell immunity that relies on dendritic cell (DC) activation and is responsible for tumor control in vaccinated animals. Despite Doxorubicin...

    Authors: David A. Bernal-Estévez, Oscar García, Ramiro Sánchez and Carlos A. Parra-López

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:77

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  20. Content type: Research article

    Small GTP binding protein Rac1 is a component of NADPH oxidases and is essential for superoxide-induced cell death. Rac1 is activated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), and this activation can be b...

    Authors: Nan Wu, Dong Ren, Su Li, Wenli Ma, Shaoyan Hu, Yan Jin and Sheng Xiao

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:67

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  21. Content type: Study protocol

    Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common and clinically relevant side effect of chemotherapy. Approximately 50% of all leukemia, lymphoma, colorectal- and breast cancer patients are affected.

    Authors: Fiona Streckmann, Maryam Balke, Helmar C. Lehmann, Vanessa Rustler, Christina Koliamitra, Thomas Elter, Michael Hallek, Michael Leitzmann, Tilman Steinmetz, Petra Heinen, Freerk T. Baumann and Wilhelm Bloch

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:62

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  22. Content type: Research article

    The prognostic variability of thyroid carcinomas has led to the search for accurate biomarkers at the molecular level. Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is a typical example of differentiated thyroid carcinom...

    Authors: Ricardo Celestino, Torfinn Nome, Ana Pestana, Andreas M. Hoff, A. Pedro Gonçalves, Luísa Pereira, Bruno Cavadas, Catarina Eloy, Trine Bjøro, Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, Rolf I. Skotheim and Paula Soares

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:68

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  23. Content type: Research article

    The Intratumoral Microvessel Density (IMVD) is commonly used to quantify tumoral vascularization and is usually assessed by pan-endothelial markers, such as CD31. Endoglin (CD105) is a protein predominantly ex...

    Authors: Virginia Di Paolo, Ida Russo, Renata Boldrini, Lucilla Ravà, Marco Pezzullo, Maria Chiara Benedetti, Angela Galardi, Marta Colletti, Rossella Rota, Domenico Orlando, Alessandro Crocoli, Hector Peinado, Giuseppe Maria Milano and Angela Di Giannatale

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:31

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  24. Content type: Research article

    Breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 1 (BCAR1/p130cas) is a hub for diverse oncogenic signaling cascades and promotes tumor development and progression.

    Authors: Asmus Heumann, Nina Heinemann, Claudia Hube-Magg, Dagmar S. Lang, Katharina Grupp, Martina Kluth, Sarah Minner, Christina Möller-Koop, Markus Graefen, Hans Heinzer, Maria Christina Tsourlakis, Waldemar Wilczak, Corinna Wittmer, Frank Jacobsen, Hartwig Huland, Ronald Simon…

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:37

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  25. Content type: Research article

    Neuroblastoma is a paediatric cancer that despite multimodal therapy still has a poor outcome for many patients with high risk tumours. Retinoic acid (RA) promotes differentiation of some neuroblastoma tumours...

    Authors: Rasha Swadi, Grace Mather, Barry L. Pizer, Paul D. Losty, Violaine See and Diana Moss

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:28

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  26. Content type: Research article

    Early diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) simplifies treatment and improves treatment outcomes. We previously described a diagnostic metabolomic biomarker derived from semi-quantitative gas chromatography-mas...

    Authors: Farshad Farshidfar, Karen A. Kopciuk, Robert Hilsden, S. Elizabeth McGregor, Vera C. Mazurak, W. Donald Buie, Anthony MacLean, Hans J. Vogel and Oliver F. Bathe

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:26

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  27. Content type: Research article

    Approximately 10–15% of ovarian carcinomas (OC) are attributed to inherited susceptibility, the majority of which are due to mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2). These patients display superior clinical outcome...

    Authors: Robert L. Hollis, Alison M. Meynert, Michael Churchman, Tzyvia Rye, Melanie Mackean, Fiona Nussey, Mark J. Arends, Andrew H. Sims, Colin A. Semple, C. Simon Herrington and Charlie Gourley

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:16

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  28. Content type: Research article

    The key-stone-pathogen, Porphyromonas gingivalis associates not only with periodontal diseases but with a variety of other chronic diseases such as cancer. We previously reported an association between the presen...

    Authors: She-Gan Gao, Jun-Qiang Yang, Zhi-Kun Ma, Xiang Yuan, Chen Zhao, Guang-Chao Wang, Hua Wei, Xiao-Shan Feng and Yi-Jun Qi

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:17

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  29. Content type: Research article

    In metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), the localization of the primary tumour has been shown to be of prognostic as well as predictive relevance.

    Authors: Florian Huemer, Josef Thaler, Gudrun Piringer, Hubert Hackl, Lisa Pleyer, Clemens Hufnagl, Lukas Weiss and Richard Greil

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:11

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  30. Content type: Research article

    Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a model organism that has emerged as a tool for cancer research, cancer being the second most common cause of death after cardiovascular disease for humans in the developed world. Zebra...

    Authors: Pablo Cabezas-Sainz, Jorge Guerra-Varela, María J. Carreira, Javier Mariscal, María Roel, Juan A. Rubiolo, Andrés A. Sciara, Miguel Abal, Luis M. Botana, Rafael López and Laura Sánchez

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:3

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  31. Content type: Research article

    Invasive cribriform and intraductal carcinoma (CR/IDC) is associated with adverse outcome of prostate cancer patients. The aim of this study was to determine the molecular aberrations associated with CR/IDC in...

    Authors: René Böttcher, Charlotte F. Kweldam, Julie Livingstone, Emilie Lalonde, Takafumi N. Yamaguchi, Vincent Huang, Fouad Yousif, Michael Fraser, Robert G. Bristow, Theodorus van der Kwast, Paul C. Boutros, Guido Jenster and Geert J. L. H. van Leenders

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:8

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  32. Content type: Research article

    To investigate the predictive value of chemokine CCL27 for identifying early stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients within a population seropositive for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) capsid antigen-specific ...

    Authors: Min-jie Mao, Ning Xue, Xue-ping Wang, Pei-dong Chi, Yi-jun Liu, Qi Huang, Shu-qin Dai and Wan-li Liu

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:9

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  33. Content type: Research article

    Hepatocellular (HCC) and cholangiocellular carcinomas (CCC) display an exceptionally poor prognosis. Especially for advanced disease no efficient standard therapy is currently available. Recently, somatostatin...

    Authors: Daniel Kaemmerer, Robin Schindler, Franziska Mußbach, Uta Dahmen, Annelore Altendorf-Hofmann, Olaf Dirsch, Jörg Sänger, Stefan Schulz and Amelie Lupp

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2017 17:896

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  34. Content type: Research article

    Because glycosylation is one of the most common post-translational modifications of proteins and because changes in glycosylation have been shown to have a significant correlation with the development of many ...

    Authors: Jie Chen, Meng Fang, Xiaoling Chen, Changhong Yi, Jun Ji, Cheng Cheng, Mengmeng Wang, Xing Gu, Quansheng Sun and Chunfang Gao

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2017 17:881

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  35. Content type: Research article

    Sorafenib is a multiple receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor known to prolong overall survival in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Predicting this drug’s survival benefits is challenging be...

    Authors: Tomoyuki Hayashi, Taro Yamashita, Takeshi Terashima, Tsuyoshi Suda, Hikari Okada, Yoshiro Asahina, Takehiro Hayashi, Yasumasa Hara, Kouki Nio, Hajime Sunagozaka, Hajime Takatori, Kuniaki Arai, Yoshio Sakai, Tatsuya Yamashita, Eishiro Mizukoshi, Masao Honda…

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2017 17:870

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  36. Content type: Research article

    p53R2 is a target of p53 gene, which is essential for DNA repair, mitochondrial DNA synthesis, protection against oxidative stress, chromosomal instability, chronic inflammation and tumorigenesis. This study i...

    Authors: Jiewei Chen, Shuman Li, Yongbo Xiao, Xuan Zou, Xinke Zhang, Mingshu Zhu, Muyan Cai and Dan Xie

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2017 17:846

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  38. Content type: Research article

    The need for novel biomarkers that could aid in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) detection, together with the relevance of Matrix Metalloproteases (MMPs) -1, -2, -7, -9 and -10 in lung tumorigenesis, prompte...

    Authors: Sonia Blanco-Prieto, Leticia Barcia-Castro, María Páez de la Cadena, Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Berrocal, Lorena Vázquez-Iglesias, María Isabel Botana-Rial, Alberto Fernández-Villar and Loretta De Chiara

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2017 17:823

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  39. Content type: Study protocol

    Cancer clinical trials are essential for testing new treatments and represent state-of-the-art cancer treatment, but only a small percentage of patients ever enroll in a trial. Under-enrollment is an even grea...

    Authors: Susan Eggly, Lauren M. Hamel, Elisabeth Heath, Mark A. Manning, Terrance L. Albrecht, Ellen Barton, Mark Wojda, Tanina Foster, Michael Carducci, Dina Lansey, Ting Wang, Rehab Abdallah, Narineh Abrahamian, Seongho Kim, Nicole Senft and Louis A. Penner

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2017 17:807

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  40. Content type: Research article

    Epigenetic alterations have been recognized as important contributors to the pathogenesis of PDAC. However, the role of histone variants in pancreatic tumor progression is still not completely understood. The ...

    Authors: Monika Bauden, Theresa Kristl, Agata Sasor, Bodil Andersson, György Marko-Varga, Roland Andersson and Daniel Ansari

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2017 17:810

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  41. Content type: Research article

    Transcriptomic profiling of breast tumors provides opportunity for subtyping and molecular-based patient stratification. In diagnostic applications the specimen profiled should be representative of the express...

    Authors: Govindasamy-Muralidharan Karthik, Mattias Rantalainen, Gustav Stålhammar, John Lövrot, Ikram Ullah, Amjad Alkodsi, Ran Ma, Lena Wedlund, Johan Lindberg, Jan Frisell, Jonas Bergh and Johan Hartman

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2017 17:802

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  42. Content type: Study protocol

    Haematuria is a common finding in general practice which requires visual inspection of the bladder by cystoscopy as well as upper tract imaging. In addition, patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (N...

    Authors: Wei Shen Tan, Andrew Feber, Liqin Dong, Rachael Sarpong, Sheida Rezaee, Simon Rodney, Pramit Khetrapal, Patricia de Winter, Frelyn Ocampo, Rumana Jalil, Norman R. Williams, Chris Brew-Graves and John D. Kelly

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2017 17:767

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  43. Content type: Research article

    Growing evidence has indicated that some inflammatory markers, including lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and prognostic nutritional...

    Authors: Yongxi Song, Yuchong Yang, Peng Gao, Xiaowan Chen, Dehao Yu, Yingying Xu, Junhua Zhao and Zhenning Wang

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2017 17:744

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  44. Content type: Research article

    TP53 Arg72Pro (SNP rs1042522) is associated with risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of NHL. However, the relationship ...

    Authors: Yalu Liu, Xiaogan Wang, Ning Ding, Lan Mi, Lingyan Ping, Xuan Jin, Jiao Li, Yan Xie, Zhitao Ying, Weiping Liu, Chen Zhang, Lijuan Deng, Yuqin Song and Jun Zhu

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2017 17:743

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  45. Content type: Research article

    Patients suffering from advanced stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often exhibit a poor prognosis or dismal clinical outcomes due to ineffective chemotherapy or a multi-drug resistance (MDR) process. Thus, ...

    Authors: Jun Hou, Zhixian Hong, Fan Feng, Yantao Chai, Yunkai Zhang, Qiyu Jiang, Yan Hu, Shunquan Wu, Yingsong Wu, Xunian Gao, Qiong Chen, Yong Wan, Jingfeng Bi and Zheng Zhang

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2017 17:729

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  46. Content type: Research article

    Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by a lack of estrogen and progesterone receptor expression (ESR and PGR, respectively) and an absence of human epithelial growth factor receptor (ERBB2) ampli...

    Authors: Melissa Quintero, Douglas Adamoski, Larissa Menezes dos Reis, Carolline Fernanda Rodrigues Ascenção, Krishina Ratna Sousa de Oliveira, Kaliandra de Almeida Gonçalves, Marília Meira Dias, Marcelo Falsarella Carazzolle and Sandra Martha Gomes Dias

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2017 17:727

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  47. Content type: Research article

    MicroRNAs may act as oncogenes or tumour suppressor genes, which make these small molecules potential diagnostic/prognostic factors and targets for anticancer therapies. Several common oncogenic microRNAs have...

    Authors: Malgorzata Bulkowska, Agata Rybicka, Kerem Mert Senses, Katarzyna Ulewicz, Katarzyna Witt, Joanna Szymanska, Bartlomiej Taciak, Robert Klopfleisch, Eva Hellmén, Izabella Dolka, Ali O. Gure, Joanna Mucha, Mariusz Mikow, Slawomir Gizinski and Magdalena Krol

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2017 17:728

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  48. Content type: Research article

    Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) may be a useful molecule for targeted immunotherapy. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to investigate PD-L1 expression in breast cancer and its associations with clinic...

    Authors: Hye Min Kim, Jinae Lee and Ja Seung Koo

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2017 17:690

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  49. Content type: Research article

    Cytotoxic chemotherapeutics form the cornerstone of systemic treatment of many cancers. Patients are dosed at maximum tolerated dose (MTD), which is carefully determined in phase I studies. In contrast, in mur...

    Authors: Wayne J. Aston, Danika E. Hope, Anna K. Nowak, Bruce W. Robinson, Richard A. Lake and W. Joost Lesterhuis

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2017 17:684

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  50. Content type: Study protocol

    Lung cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers, and is a leading cause of cancer mortality world-wide. Due to lack of early specific symptoms, the majority of patients present with advanced, inopera...

    Authors: Lara Edbrooke, Sanchia Aranda, Catherine L. Granger, Christine F. McDonald, Mei Krishnasamy, Linda Mileshkin, Louis Irving, Sabine Braat, Ross A. Clark, Ian Gordon and Linda Denehy

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2017 17:663

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