Epidemiology, prevention and public health

Clinical features and survival of pregnancy-associated breast cancer: a retrospective study of 203 cases in China

Pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) is an aggressive disease, and since Chinese authority began to encourage childbearing in 2015, the incidence of PABC has increased. This study investigated the charact...

Authors: Bo-yue Han, Xiao-guang Li, Hai-yun Zhao, Xin Hu and Hong Ling

Age-related differences in breast cancer mortality according to race/ethnicity, insurance, and socioeconomic status

We assessed breast cancer mortality in older versus younger women according to race/ethnicity, neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES), and health insurance status.

Authors: Yazmin San Miguel, Scarlett Lin Gomez, James D. Murphy, Richard B. Schwab, Corinne McDaniels-Davidson, Alison J. Canchola, Alfredo A. Molinolo, Jesse N. Nodora and Maria Elena Martinez

Guy’s cancer cohort – real world evidence for cancer pathways

The burden of disease due to cancer remains substantial. Since the value of real-world evidence has also been recognised by regulatory agencies, we established a Research Ethics Committee (REC) approved resear...

Authors: C. Moss, A. Haire, F. Cahill, D. Enting, S. Hughes, D. Smith, E. Sawyer, A. Davies, J. Zylstra, K. Haire, A. Rigg and M. Van Hemelrijck

Changes in therapy and survival of metastatic renal cell carcinoma in Estonia

Before the era of targeted therapies, cytokines were the main therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Our aim was to analyze the changes in treatments and overall survival (OS) of all mRCC patients...

Authors: Hannes Jürgens, Kristiina Ojamaa, Helis Pokker, Kaire Innos and Peeter Padrik

Incidence and time trends of sarcoma (2000–2013): results from the French network of cancer registries (FRANCIM)

The exhaustive collection of new sarcoma cases and their second histologic review offer a unique opportunity to study their incidence and time trends in France according to the major subtypes.

Authors: Brice Amadeo, Nicolas Penel, Jean-Michel Coindre, Isabelle Ray-Coquard, Karine Ligier, Patricia Delafosse, Anne-Marie Bouvier, Sandrine Plouvier, Justine Gallet, Aude Lacourt, Gaëlle Coureau, Alain Monnereau, Simone Mathoulin-Pélissier and Emmanuel Desandes

Validation and modification of staging Systems for Poorly Differentiated Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and the European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) staging classifications are two broadly used systems for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. This study aims to...

Authors: Haihong Wang, Zhenyu Lin, Guiling Li, Dejun Zhang, Dandan Yu, Qili Lin, Jing Wang, Ye Zhao, Guoliang Pi and Tao Zhang

Incidence of advanced-stage breast cancer in regular participants of a mammography screening program: a prospective register-based study

The European Guidelines for breast cancer screening suggest that the impact of population-based mammography screening programmes (MSP) may be assessed using the relative reduction in the incidence of advanced ...

Authors: Laura Khil, Jan Heidrich, Ina Wellmann, Vanessa Kääb-Sanyal, Stefanie Weigel, Walter Heindel, Hans-Werner Hense and Oliver Heidinger

Silica and asbestos exposure at work and the risk of bladder cancer in Canadian men: a population-based case-control study

Silica and asbestos are recognized lung carcinogens. However, their role in carcinogenesis at other organs is less clear. Clearance of inhaled silica particles and asbestos fibers from the lungs may lead to tr...

Authors: Lidija Latifovic, Paul J. Villeneuve, Marie-Élise Parent, Linda Kachuri and Shelley A. Harris

Clinicopathological variables influencing overall survival, recurrence and post-recurrence survival in resected stage I non-small-cell lung cancer

To investigate clinicopathological variables influencing overall survival, overall recurrence, and post-recurrence survival (PRS) in patients who experienced curative-intent surgical resection of stage I non-s...

Authors: Chengdi Wang, Yuxuan Wu, Jun Shao, Dan Liu and Weimin Li

Nutritional assessment and prognosis of oral cancer patients: a large-scale prospective study

To evaluate and compare the prognostic performance of four nutritional indicators body mass index (BMI), serum albumin (ALB), prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and nutritional risk index (NRI) in oral cancer ...

Authors: Xiaodan Bao, Fengqiong Liu, Jing Lin, Qing Chen, Lin Chen, Fa Chen, Jing Wang, Yu Qiu, Bin Shi, Lizhen Pan, Lisong Lin and Baochang He

Trajectories of physical activity, from young adulthood to older adulthood, and pancreatic cancer risk; a population-based case-control study in Ontario, Canada

There is inconsistent evidence on the association between physical activity and pancreatic cancer risk and few studies have investigated early life or life-course physical activity. The objective of this study...

Authors: Jaspreet Sandhu, Vanessa De Rubeis, Michelle Cotterchio, Brendan T. Smith, Lauren E. Griffith, Darren R. Brenner, Ayelet Borgida, Steven Gallinger, Sean Cleary and Laura N. Anderson

Adjuvant chemotherapy could not bring survival benefit to HR-positive, HER2-negative, pT1b-c/N0–1/M0 invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast: a propensity score matching study based on SEER database

The benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is still unclear. The objective of the current study was to elucidate the effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy in hormone receptor (HR...

Authors: Guangfu Hu, Guangxia Hu, Chengjiao Zhang, Xiaoyan Lin, Ming Shan, Yanmin Yu, Yongwei Lu, Ruijie Niu, Hui Ye, Cheng Wang and Cheng Xu

Short and long-term barriers and facilitators of skin self-examination among individuals diagnosed with melanoma

Melanoma can be lethal if not detected early and treated. Early detection can be facilitated via skin self-examination (SSE) and as such, SSE is part of melanoma follow-up care for individuals with a prior his...

Authors: Adina Coroiu, Chelsea Moran, Catherine Bergeron, Martin Drapeau, Beatrice Wang, Abbas Kezouh, Jochen Ernst, Gerald Batist and Annett Körner

Management of patients with early stage lung cancer – why do some patients not receive treatment with curative intent?

This study aims to understand the factors that influence whether patients receive potentially curative treatment for early stage lung cancer. A key question was whether indigenous Māori patients were less like...

Authors: Ross Lawrenson, Chunhuan Lao, Leonie Brown, Lucia Moosa, Lynne Chepulis, Rawiri Keenan, Jacquie Kidd, Karen Middleton, Paul Conaglen, Charles de Groot, Denise Aitken and Janice Wong

Coffee drinking and cancer risk: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies

Epidemiological studies on the association between coffee intake and cancer risk have yielded inconsistent results. To summarize and appraise the quality of the current evidence, we conducted an umbrella revie...

Authors: Long-Gang Zhao, Zhuo-Ying Li, Guo-Shan Feng, Xiao-Wei Ji, Yu-Ting Tan, Hong-Lan Li, Marc J. Gunter and Yong-Bing Xiang

Satisfaction with high-resolution anoscopy for anal cancer screening among men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional survey in Abuja, Nigeria

Men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV are at increased risk for anal cancer. We evaluated satisfaction with first-time anal cancer screening using high resolution anoscopy (HRA) as a cross sectional ...

Authors: Rebecca G. Nowak, Chinedu H. Nnaji, Wuese Dauda, Andrew Mitchell, Oluwole Olaomi, Paul Jibrin, Trevor A. Crowell, Stefan D. Baral, Nicaise Ndembi, Manhattan E. Charurat, Joel M. Palefsky, Søren M. Bentzen and Kevin J. Cullen

Childhood maltreatment as a risk factor for cancer: findings from a population-based survey of Canadian adults

Childhood maltreatment (CM) is an established risk factor for various mental and substance use disorders. This study adds to existing evidence that CM may also be a risk factor for cancer.

Authors: Wendy E. Hovdestad, Margot Shields, Amanda Shaw and Lil Tonmyr

Superiority of NBI endoscopy to PET/CT scan in detecting esophageal cancer among head and neck cancer patients: a retrospective cohort analysis

Second primary cancer of the esophagus is frequent in head and neck patients, especially in high-risk populations, and has a great impact on the prognosis. Although Positron emission tomography (PET)/computed ...

Authors: Hsuan-An Su, Shun-Wen Hsiao, Yu-Chun Hsu, Lien-Yen Wang and Hsu-Heng Yen

Women’s knowledge of and attitudes toward cervical cancer and cervical cancer screening in Zanzibar, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study

Cervical cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among women in Tanzania. Knowledge of and willingness to receive a cervical cancer screening are important determinants of preven...

Authors: Qiao Weng, Jie Jiang, Fatma Mrisho Haji, Lamlet Hassan Nondo and Huaijun Zhou

Comorbidity prevalence among cancer patients: a population-based cohort study of four cancers

The presence of comorbidity affects the care of cancer patients, many of whom are living with multiple comorbidities. The prevalence of cancer comorbidity, beyond summary metrics, is not well known. This study...

Authors: Helen Fowler, Aurelien Belot, Libby Ellis, Camille Maringe, Miguel Angel Luque-Fernandez, Edmund Njeru Njagi, Neal Navani, Diana Sarfati and Bernard Rachet

The relative risk of second primary cancers in Switzerland: a population-based retrospective cohort study

More people than ever before are currently living with a diagnosis of cancer and the number of people concerned is likely to continue to rise. Cancer survivors are at risk of developing a second primary cancer...

Authors: Anita Feller, Katarina L. Matthes, Andrea Bordoni, Christine Bouchardy, Jean-Luc Bulliard, Christian Herrmann, Isabelle Konzelmann, Manuela Maspoli, Mohsen Mousavi, Sabine Rohrmann, Katharina Staehelin and Volker Arndt

Improving management of comorbidity in patients with colorectal cancer using comprehensive medical assessment: a pilot study

Screening for and active management of comorbidity soon after cancer diagnosis shows promise in altering cancer treatment and outcomes for comorbid patients. Prior to a large multi-centre study, piloting of th...

Authors: Virginia Signal, Christopher Jackson, Louise Signal, Claire Hardie, Kirsten Holst, Marie McLaughlin, Courtney Steele and Diana Sarfati

Space-time clustering of childhood leukemia in Colombia: a nationwide study

Leukemia is the most common cancer in childhood. The estimated incidence rate of childhood leukemia in Colombia is one of the highest in America and little is known about its spatial distribution.

Authors: Laura Andrea Rodriguez-Villamizar, Marcela Pilar Rojas Díaz, Lizbeth Alexandra Acuña Merchán, Feisar Enrique Moreno-Corzo and Paula Ramírez-Barbosa

GC-PROM: validation of a patient-reported outcomes measure for Chinese patients with gastric cancer

There is increasing recognition that PROs are important in the estimation of the burden of long-term survival among patients with gastric cancer. The study aimed to develop a disease-specific instrument to ass...

Authors: Xiaojuan Hu, Fen Zhao, Hongmei Yu, Yanhong Luo, Jinchun Liu and Yanbo Zhang

Childhood cancer incidence and survival trends in Estonia (1970–2016): a nationwide population-based study

Childhood cancers represent a small proportion of all cancers but are still a major public health problem. The study analysed long-term trends in childhood cancer incidence and survival in Estonia in relation ...

Authors: Keiu Paapsi, Aleksei Baburin, Sirje Mikkel, Margit Mägi, Kadri Saks and Kaire Innos

AJCC 8th edition prognostic staging provides no better discriminatory ability in prognosis than anatomical staging in triple negative breast cancer

We retrospectively compared the prognostic value between the AJCC 8th edition anatomic (AS) and prognostic staging (PS) system for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) in a cohort from two involved institution...

Authors: Jiehua He, Julia Y. Tsang, Xiaodan Xu, Jibin Li, Mei Li, Xue Chao, Yuanyuan Xu, Rongzhen Luo, Gary M. Tse and Peng Sun

Incidence of invasive breast cancer in women treated with testosterone implants: a prospective 10-year cohort study

Testosterone implants have been used for over eighty years to treat symptoms of hormone deficiency in pre and postmenopausal women. Evidence supports that androgens are breast protective. However, there is a l...

Authors: Rebecca L. Glaser, Anne E. York and Constantine Dimitrakakis

Reliable cell and tissue morphology-based diagnosis of endemic Burkitt lymphoma in resource-constrained settings in Ghana

Endemic Burkitt lymphoma (eBL) is an aggressive B-cell lymphoma, which is a common childhood cancer in areas with intense transmission of Plasmodium falciparum parasites. Early and accurate diagnosis is a prerequ...

Authors: Cecilia Smith-Togobo, Mette Ø. Pedersen, Steffen G. Jensen, Babatunde Duduyemi, Richard K. Gyasi, Michael F. Ofori, Vivian Paintsil, Lorna Renner, Peter Nørgaard and Lars Hviid

Risk of ischemic stroke in patients with prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy in Taiwan

Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in the treatment of prostate cancer may be associated with an increased risk of thromboembolic disease. The aim of our study was to investigate the association of ADT in the ...

Authors: Kuang-Ming Liao, Yaw-Bin Huang, Chung-Yu Chen and Chen-Chun Kuo

Occupational exposure to formaldehyde and risk of non hodgkin lymphoma: a meta-analysis

Formaldehyde, a widely used chemical, is considered a human carcinogen. We report the results of a meta-analyses of studies on the relationship between occupational exposure to formaldehyde and risk of non-Hod...

Authors: Simona Catalani, Francesca Donato, Egidio Madeo, Pietro Apostoli, Giuseppe De Palma, Enrico Pira, Kenneth A. Mundt and Paolo Boffetta

The BE GONE trial study protocol: a randomized crossover dietary intervention of dry beans targeting the gut microbiome of overweight and obese patients with a history of colorectal polyps or cancer

Mouse and human studies support the promise of dry beans to improve metabolic health and to lower cancer risk. In overweight/obese patients with a history of colorectal polyps or cancer, the Beans to Enrich th...

Authors: Xiaotao Zhang, Gladys Browman, Wesley Siu, Karen M. Basen-Engquist, Samir M. Hanash, Kristi L. Hoffman, Pablo C. Okhuysen, Paul Scheet, Joseph F. Petrosino, Scott Kopetz and Carrie R. Daniel

Evaluation of gene-environment interactions for colorectal cancer susceptibility loci using case-only and case-control designs

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 40 colorectal cancer susceptibility loci, but only a small fraction of heritability was explained. To account for missing heritability, we inves...

Authors: Nan Song, Jeeyoo Lee, Sooyoung Cho, Jeongseon Kim, Jae Hwan Oh and Aesun Shin

Exploring the current status of neuroendocrine tumours: a population-based analysis of epidemiology, management and use of resources

Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are rare malignancies characterised by its capacity to synthesise and secrete monoamines, due to its neuroendocrine origin. Its varied locations and symptoms have traditionally be...

Authors: Josep Darbà and Alicia Marsà

Mycotoxin exposure is associated with increased risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Huaian area, China

Consumption of moldy food has previously been identified as a risk factor for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in high-risk countries; however, what contributing roles these dietary carcinogenic mycot...

Authors: Kathy S. Xue, Lili Tang, Guiju Sun, Shaokang Wang, Xu Hu and Jia-Sheng Wang

High risk HPV infection prevalence and associated cofactors: a population-based study in female ISSSTE beneficiaries attending the HPV screening and early detection of cervical cancer program

Cervical cancer is the second cause leading of malignancy-related death among Mexican women. The present study determined the population-based prevalence of high risk Human Papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection an...

Authors: K. Torres-Poveda, I. Ruiz-Fraga, V. Madrid-Marina, M. Chavez and V. Richardson

Comparison of two invitation-based methods for human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling with usual care among un- and under-screened Māori, Pacific and Asian women: study protocol for a randomised controlled community trial to examine the effect of self-sampling on participation in cervical-cancer screening

Māori, Pacific and Asian women in New Zealand have lower cervical-cancer screening rates than European women, and there are persistent inequities in cervical cancer outcomes for Māori and Pacific women. Innova...

Authors: Naomi Brewer, Karen Bartholomew, Anna Maxwell, Jane Grant, Helen Wihongi, Collette Bromhead, Nina Scott, Sue Crengle, Chris Cunningham, Jeroen Douwes and John D. Potter

Could aspirin be a lifesaver for prostate cancer patients in prostate cancer-specific mortality?: an update systematic review and meta-analysis

Currently, clinical studies on the prognosis of prostate cancer (PC) taking aspirin were developing, but the precise mechanism of aspirin on tumor cells was still unclear. In addition, the conclusion that aspi...

Authors: Jiatong Zhou, Shuai Xia, Tao Li and Ranlu Liu

Breast cancer risk status influences uptake, retention and efficacy of a weight loss programme amongst breast cancer screening attendees: two randomised controlled feasibility trials

Excess body weight and sub-optimal lifestyle are modifiable causes of breast cancer and other diseases. There is little evidence that behaviour change is possible within screening programmes and whether this i...

Authors: Michelle Harvie, Mary Pegington, David French, Grace Cooper, Sarah McDiarmid, Anthony Howell, Louise Donnelly, Helen Ruane, Katharine Sellers, Philip Foden and D. Gareth Evans

Increased risk of lymphoid malignancy in patients with herpes zoster: a longitudinal follow-up study using a national cohort

The association between herpes zoster and the risk of lymphoid neoplasms in Asian populations has not yet been established. We performed a longitudinal follow-up study using a nationwide cohort to assess the r...

Authors: Hyo Geun Choi, James L. Zehnder, Young Kyung Lee, Hyun Lim and Miyoung Kim

Evaluation of an online knowledge translation intervention to promote cancer risk reduction behaviours: findings from a randomized controlled trial

Many cancers are preventable through lifestyle modification; however, few adults engage in behaviors that are in line with cancer prevention guidelines. This may be partly due to the mixed messages on effectiv...

Authors: Sarah E. Neil-Sztramko, Emily Belita, Anthony J. Levinson, Jennifer Boyko and Maureen Dobbins

Smoking related lung cancer mortality by education and sex in Norway

Authors: Merethe S. Hansen, Idlir Licaj, Tonje Braaten, Arnulf Langhammer, Loic Le Marchand and Inger Torhild Gram

Correlation between kidney transplantation and colorectal cancer in hemodialysis patients: A nationwide, retrospective, population-based cohort study

Kidney transplantation (KT) correlates with an increased risk of developing several malignancies; however, the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) after KT remains debatable and has been marginally explored. Hence...

Authors: Han-En Wang, Yu-Chan Liao, Je-Ming Hu, Wen-Chih Wu, Wan-Yun Chou, Yong-Chen Chen, Yu-Ching Chou, Chi-Feng Hung, Yu-Feng Tian, San-Lin You and Chien-An Sun

Incidence of atrial fibrillation in different major cancer subtypes: a Nationwide population-based 12 year follow up study

The prevalence of both atrial fibrillation (AF) and malignancies are increasing in the elderly, but incidences of new onset AF in different cancer subtypes are not well described.The objectives of this study w...

Authors: Christina Boegh Jakobsen, Morten Lamberts, Nicholas Carlson, Morten Lock-Hansen, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Gunnar H. Gislason and Morten Schou

Factors analysis on the use of key quality indicators for narrowing the gap of quality of care of breast cancer

There are differences in the quality of care among breast cancer patients. Narrowing the quality differences could be achieved by increasing the utilization rate of indicators. Here we explored key indicators ...

Authors: Chao Wang, Xi Li, Shaofei Su, Xinyu Wang, Jingkun Li, Xiaoqiang Bao and Meina Liu

Advanced neoplasia in Veterans at screening colonoscopy using the National Cancer Institute Risk Assessment Tool

Adapting screening strategy to colorectal cancer (CRC) risk may improve efficiency for all stakeholders however limited tools for such risk stratification exist. Colorectal cancers usually evolve from advanced...

Authors: Laura W. Musselwhite, Thomas S. Redding IV, Kellie J. Sims, Meghan C. O’Leary, Elizabeth R. Hauser, Terry Hyslop, Ziad F. Gellad, Brian A. Sullivan, David Lieberman and Dawn Provenzale

The Clinicopathological features and survival outcomes of patients with different metastatic sites in stage IV breast cancer

The features and survival of stage IV breast cancer patients with different metastatic sites are poorly understood. This study aims to examine the clinicopathological features and survival of stage IV breast c...

Authors: Ru Wang, Yayun Zhu, Xiaoxu Liu, Xiaoqin Liao, Jianjun He and Ligang Niu

Longitudinal associations between BMI change and the risks of colorectal cancer incidence, cancer-relate and all-cause mortality among 81,388 older adults

It remains controversial whether weight change could influence the risks of colorectal cancer (CRC) and mortality. This study aimed to quantify the associations between full-spectrum changes in body mass index...

Authors: Ji-Bin Li, Sheng Luo, Martin C. S. Wong, Cai Li, Li-Fen Feng, Jian-Hong Peng, Jing-Hua Li and Xi Zhang

Comparing cancer incidence, stage at diagnosis and outcomes of First Nations and all other Manitobans: a retrospective analysis

Globally, epidemiological evidence suggests cancer incidence and outcomes among Indigenous peoples are a growing concern. Although historically cancer among First Nations (FN) peoples in Canada was relatively ...

Authors: Tara C. Horrill, Lindsey Dahl, Esther Sanderson, Garry Munro, Cindy Garson, Carole Taylor, Randy Fransoo, Genevieve Thompson, Catherine Cook, Janice Linton and Annette S. H. Schultz

Prescription of pain medication among older cancer patients with and without an intellectual disability: a national register study

The longevity for people with intellectual disability (ID) has significantly increased in developed countries during the past decades. Consequently, the incidence of cancer is expected to increase in this grou...

Authors: Mikael Segerlantz, Anna Axmon, Rebecca Gagnemo Persson, Eva Brun and Gerd Ahlström

Variation in the initial assessment and investigation for ovarian cancer in symptomatic women: a systematic review of international guidelines

Women with ovarian cancer can present with a variety of symptoms and signs, and an increasing range of tests are available for their investigation. A number of international guidelines provide advice for the i...

Authors: Garth Funston, Marije Van Melle, Marie-Louise Ladegaard Baun, Henry Jensen, Charles Helsper, Jon Emery, Emma J. Crosbie, Matthew Thompson, Willie Hamilton and Fiona M. Walter