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Epidemiology, prevention and public health

This section aims to consider publications which focus on all aspects of cancer epidemiology including risk factors for disease initiation and development, social determinants, environmental, behavioural, and occupational correlates, and the impact of health policies, practices and interventions on the community.

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  1. Cancer registries usually assess data of conventional treatments and/or patient survival. Beyond that, little is known about the influence of other predictors of treatment response related to the use of comple...

    Authors: Heidemarie Haller, Petra Voiß, Holger Cramer, Anna Paul, Mattea Reinisch, Sebastian Appelbaum, Gustav Dobos, Georg Sauer, Sherko Kümmel and Thomas Ostermann

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:724

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  2. This study aims to provide new insights on the role of smoking patterns and cigarette dependence in female lung cancer, and to examine differences by histological subtype.

    Authors: Jennifer Rusmaully, Nastassia Tvardik, Diane Martin, Régine Billmann, Sylvie Cénée, Martine Antoine, Hélène Blons, Pierre Laurent-Puig, Jean Trédaniel, Marie Wislez, Isabelle Stücker, Pascal Guénel and Loredana Radoï

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:711

    Content type: Research article

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  3. Published findings suggest sex differences in lung cancer risk and a potential role for sex steroid hormones. Our aim was to perform a meta-analysis to investigate the effects of sex steroid hormone exposure s...

    Authors: Hui Zeng, Zhuoyu Yang, Jiang Li, Yan Wen, Zheng Wu, Yadi Zheng, Yiwen Yu, Yongjie Xu, Shugeng Gao, Fengwei Tan, Ni Li, Qi Xue and Jie He

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:690

    Content type: Research article

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  5. Information about survival by stage in bladder cancer is scarce, as well as about survival of non-invasive bladder cancer. The aims of this study are: 1) to find out the distribution of bladder cancer by stage...

    Authors: J. Ripoll, M. Ramos, J. Montaño, J. Pons, A. Ameijide and P. Franch

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:676

    Content type: Research article

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  6. The second most common cancer among females in Bangladesh is cervical cancer. The national strategy for cervical cancer needs monitoring to ensure that patients have access to care. In order to provide accurat...

    Authors: Shagoofa Rakhshanda, Koustuv Dalal, Hasina Akhter Chowdhury, Cinderella Akbar Mayaboti, Progga Paromita, A. K. M. Fazlur Rahman, A. H. M. Eanayet Hussain and Saidur Rahman Mashreky

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:670

    Content type: Research article

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  7. An important number of breast and ovarian cancer cases is due to a strong genetic predisposition. The main tool for identifying individuals at risk is recognizing a suggestive family history of cancer. We pres...

    Authors: Urska Kotnik, Borut Peterlin and Luca Lovrecic

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:665

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Head and Neck Cancer (HNC) survivors are at increased risk of developing a second primary cancer (SPC). Along with the environmental risk factors, genetic factors have been associated with a potential increase...

    Authors: Ilda Hoxhaj, Vladimir Vukovic, Stefania Boccia and Roberta Pastorino

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:660

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Pegfilgrastim, a long-acting granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), is commonly used to prevent febrile neutropenia (FN), a potentially life-threatening complication, following myelosuppressive chemoth...

    Authors: Reshma Mahtani, Jeffrey Crawford, Sinéad M. Flannery, Tatiana Lawrence, Jennifer Schenfeld and Prasad L. Gawade

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:621

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) are heterogeneous neoplasms. Although some have a relatively benign and indolent natural history, others can be aggressive and ultimately fatal. Somatost...

    Authors: Sheila D. Rustgi, Aaron Oh, Jeong Yun Yang, Dasol Kang, Edward Wolin, Chung Y. Kong, Chin Hur and Michelle K. Kim

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:597

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Obesity and other metabolic comorbidities affect over 10% of patients with breast cancer and are closely related with adverse outcomes. Although metabolic comorbidities among breast cancer patients in low- and...

    Authors: Sumadi Lukman Anwar, Roby Cahyono, Dayat Prabowo, Widya Surya Avanti, Lina Choridah, Ery Kus Dwianingsih, Wirsma Arif Harahap and Teguh Aryandono

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:590

    Content type: Research article

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  12. Blood type has been associated with the risk of gastric cancer, but few studies have examined the association with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

    Authors: Yingxi Chen, Nan Hu, Linda Liao, Kai Yu, Xiao-Ou Shu, Wei Zheng, Jian-Min Yuan, Woon-Puay Koh, You-Lin Qiao, Jin-Hu Fan, Sanford M. Dawsey, Neal D. Freedman, Philip R. Taylor, Alisa M. Goldstein and Christian C. Abnet

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:589

    Content type: Research article

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  13. The viral pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has disrupted cancer patient management around the world. Most reported data relate to incidence, risk factors, and outcome of severe COVID-19. The safety...

    Authors: C. van Marcke, N. Honoré, A. van der Elst, S. Beyaert, F. Derouane, C. Dumont, F. Aboubakar Nana, J. F. Baurain, I. Borbath, P. Collard, F. Cornélis, A. De Cuyper, F. P. Duhoux, B. Filleul, R. Galot, M. Gizzi…

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:578

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMD) have a non-negligible malignant transformation rate of up to 8%. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in critical chromosomal loci has proven to be the most effective marker...

    Authors: Cristina Gurizzan, Luigi Lorini, Alberto Paderno, Michele Tomasoni, Gabriele Zigliani, Anna Bozzola, Laura Ardighieri, Simonetta Battocchio, Eliana Bignotti, Antonella Ravaggi, Chiara Romani, Loris De Cecco, Mara Serena Serafini, Rosalba Miceli, Elena Bardellini, Alessandra Majorana…

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:561

    Content type: Study protocol

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  15. Comorbidity has been established as one of the important predictors of poor prognosis in lung cancer. In this study, we analyzed the prevalence of main comorbidities and its association with hospital readmissi...

    Authors: Dawei Zhu, Ruoxi Ding, Yong Ma, Zhishui Chen, Xuefeng Shi and Ping He

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:557

    Content type: Research article

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  16. The manner in which bad news is communicated in oncological contexts can affect patients’ engagement, their coping strategies and therapeutic compliance. Although this topic has been broadly investigated since...

    Authors: Ramona Bongelli, Alessia Bertolazzi, Ludovica Piccioni and Roberto Burro

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:555

    Content type: Research article

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  17. The Will Rogers phenomenon [WRP] describes an apparent improvement in outcome for patients’ group due to tumor grade reclassification. Staging of cancers is important to select appropriate treatment and to est...

    Authors: Mary R. Nittala, Eswar K. Mundra, S. Packianathan, Divyang Mehta, Maria L. Smith, William C. Woods, Shawn McKinney, Barbara S. Craft and Srinivasan Vijayakumar

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:554

    Content type: Research article

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  18. One reason for the often late diagnosis of lung cancer (LC) may be that potentially-indicative sensations and symptoms are often diffuse, and may not be considered serious or urgent, making their interpretatio...

    Authors: Adrian Levitsky, Britt-Marie Bernhardson, Ingela Henoch, Maria Olin, Karl Kölbeck, Nadja Rystedt, Carol Tishelman and Lars E. Eriksson

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:544

    Content type: Research article

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  19. At present, the characteristics of mucinous breast carcinoma (MBC) and the factors affecting its prognosis are controversial. We compared the clinical features of MBC with those of infiltrating ductal carcinom...

    Authors: Xingtong Zhou, Zhibo Zheng, Yan Li, Weiwei Zhao, Yan Lin, Jieshi Zhang and Qiang Sun

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:536

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  20. Cervical cancer continues to be one of the leading causes of cancer deaths among females in low and middle-income countries. In this study, we aimed to assess the independent prognostic value of clinical and p...

    Authors: Hui-Hui Chen, Wei-Yu Meng, Run-Ze Li, Qing-Yi Wang, Yu-Wei Wang, Hu-Dan Pan, Pei-Yu Yan, Qi-Biao Wu, Liang Liu, Xiao-Jun Yao, Min Kang and Elaine Lai-Han Leung

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:531

    Content type: Research article

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  21. Immigration has taken the central stage in world politics, especially in the developed countries like Germany, where the continuous flow of immigrants has been well documented since 1960s. Strikingly, emerging...

    Authors: Roman Rüdiger, Franziska Geiser, Manuel Ritter, Peter Brossart, Mignon-Denise Keyver-Paik, Andree Faridi, Hartmut Vatter, Friedrich Bootz, Jennifer Landsberg, Jörg C. Kalff, Ulrich Herrlinger, Glen Kristiansen, Torsten Pietsch, Stefan Aretz, Daniel Thomas, Lukas Radbruch…

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:526

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  22. The purpose of this study was to explore clinicalpathology features, molecular features and outcome of male breast cancer patients who expressed ER, PR as well as HER-2, namely triple-positive male breast canc...

    Authors: Biyuan Wang, Hui Wang, Andi Zhao, Mi Zhang and Jin Yang

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:523

    Content type: Research article

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  23. In 2020, Morocco recorded more than 59,370 new cases of cancer and more than 35,265 cases of death (International Agency for Research on Cancer, Annual report Morocco, 2020). Cancer is always accompanied by so...

    Authors: Fahd Elkhalloufi, Saber Boutayeb, Fouzia Mamouch, Latifa Rakibi, Sanae Elazzouzi and Hassan Errihani

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:516

    Content type: Research article

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  24. Prostate cancer (CaP) cases are high in the United States. According to the American Cancer Society, there are an estimated number of 174,650 CaP new cases in 2019. The estimated number of deaths from CaP in 2...

    Authors: Justice Moses K. Aheto, Ovie A. Utuama and Getachew A. Dagne

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:508

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  26. Patients living in more deprived localities have lower cancer survival in England, but the role of individual health status at diagnosis and the utilisation of primary health care in explaining these different...

    Authors: Laura M. Woods, Bernard Rachet, Melanie Morris, Krishnan Bhaskaran and Michel P. Coleman

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:485

    Content type: Research article

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  27. Despite improved surgical and oncological treatment, ovarian cancer continues to be the most lethal of the gynecologic malignancies. We aimed to analyze survival trends in epithelial ovarian cancer with regard...

    Authors: Pia Leandersson, Thomas Hogberg, Paul W. Dickman, Susanne Malander and Christer Borgfeldt

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:465

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  28. Malawi has the world’s highest cervical cancer incidence and mortality due to high rate of HIV coupled with inadequate screening and treatment services. The country’s cervical cancer control program uses visua...

    Authors: Fan Lee, Agatha Bula, John Chapola, Clement Mapanje, Billy Phiri, Nenani Kamtuwange, Mercy Tsidya, Jennifer Tang and Lameck Chinula

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:428

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  29. An estimated 40% of cancer cases in the UK in 2015 were attributable to cancer risk behaviours. Tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, and unprotected sexual intercourse are known causes of cancer and ...

    Authors: Caroline Wright, Jon Heron, Ruth Kipping, Matthew Hickman, Rona Campbell and Richard M. Martin

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:365

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  30. The World Health Organisation (WHO) calls for the elimination of cervical cancer (CC) as a public health issue. To achieve elimination, efforts must be aligned and accelerated. Women living with HIV (WLWH) hav...

    Authors: Anna Tisler, Sven Erik Ojavee, Piret Veerus, Pilleriin Soodla and Anneli Uusküla

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:350

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  31. Selection of high-risk subjects for endoscopic screening of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) lacks individual predictive tools based on environmental risk factors.

    Authors: Xiaorong Yang, Chen Suo, Tongchao Zhang, Xiaolin Yin, Jinyu Man, Ziyu Yuan, Hui Chen, Jingru Yu, Li Jin, Xingdong Chen, Ming Lu and Weimin Ye

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:343

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  33. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is widely used and has proven benefits for women with menopausal symptoms. An increasing number of women with cancer experience menopausal symptoms but the safety of HRT use i...

    Authors: Úna McMenamin, Blánaid Hicks, Carmel Hughes, Peter Murchie, Julia Hippisley-Cox, Tom Ranger, Carol Coupland and Chris Cardwell

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:313

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  34. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent primary invasive cancer of the liver. During the last decade, the epidemiology of HCC has been continuously changing in developed countries, due to more effe...

    Authors: Walter Mazzucco, Francesco Vitale, Sergio Mazzola, Rosalba Amodio, Maurizio Zarcone, Davide Alba, Claudia Marotta, Rosanna Cusimano and Claudia Allemani

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:307

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  35. Because birth size appears to be positively associated with breast cancer risk, we have studied whether this risk may differ according to molecular breast cancer subtypes.

    Authors: Marie S. Sandvei, Signe Opdahl, Marit Valla, Pagona Lagiou, Ellen Veronika Vesterfjell, Tor Vikan Rise, Tina Syvertsen Overrein, Anette H. Skjervold, Monica J. Engstrøm, Anna M. Bofin and Lars J. Vatten

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:299

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  36. Thymic tumors are unusual neoplasms, representing 0.2 to 1.5% of tumors in humans, but correspond to 20% of mediastinal tumors and 50% of those that occur in the anterior mediastinum. They tend to appear aroun...

    Authors: Diego F. Scarpetta-Gonzalez, Eliana Isabel Morales, Luz Fernanda Sua, Mauricio Velásquez, Saveria Sangiovanni and Liliana Fernández-Trujillo

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:279

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  37. Alcohol consumption is a major risk factor for esophageal cancer; however, a high incidence of esophageal cancer is observed particularly among Eastern Asians, although they consume relatively less alcohol, pr...

    Authors: Chang Kyun Choi, Jungho Yang, Sun-Seog Kweon, Sang-Hee Cho, Hye-Yeon Kim, Eun Myung and Min-Ho Shin

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:254

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  38. Liver metastasis is a significant adverse predictor of overall survival (OS) among breast cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk and prognostic factors of breast cancer with liver...

    Authors: Lei Ji, Lei Cheng, Xiuzhi Zhu, Yu Gao, Lei Fan and Zhonghua Wang

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:238

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  39. Taking patient centeredness into account is important in healthcare. The European Cancer Consumer Quality Index (ECCQI) is a validated tool for international benchmarking of patient experiences and satisfaction.

    Authors: A. Wind, E. D. Hartman, R. R. J. P. Van Eekeren, R. P. W. F. Wijn, J. Halámková, J. Mattson, S. Siesling and W. H. van Harten

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:231

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  40. A recent study found an influence of organized mammography screening programmes (MSPs) on geographical and temporal variation of mastectomy rates. We aimed to quantify the effect on the example of one of the c...

    Authors: Christian Herrmann, Rudolf Morant, Esther Walser, Mohsen Mousavi and Beat Thürlimann

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:229

    Content type: Research article

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  41. Although myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) – including chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) – and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN)...

    Authors: K. A. Mundt, L. D. Dell, P. Boffetta, E. M. Beckett, H. N. Lynch, V. J. Desai, C. K. Lin and W. J. Thompson

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:227

    Content type: Review

    Published on:

  42. In Korea, where gastric cancer is highly prevalent, biennial endoscopy is recommended among individuals over 40. Even under regular screening, some are still diagnosed at advanced stages. We aimed to identify ...

    Authors: Joo Hyun Lim, Ji Hyun Song, Su Jin Chung, Goh Eun Chung and Joo Sung Kim

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:218

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  43. Age-adjusted US total pediatric cancer incidence rates (TPCIR) rose 49% 1975–2015 for unknown reasons. Prenatal cannabis exposure has been linked with several pediatric cancers which together comprise the majo...

    Authors: Albert Stuart Reece and Gary Kenneth Hulse

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:197

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  44. The goal of this study is to disclose the clinically significant genomic alterations in the Chinese and Western patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

    Authors: Shifeng Xu, Yuan Guo, Yanwu Zeng, Zhijian Song, Xiaodan Zhu, Ning Fan, Zhilei Zhang, Guibing Ren, Yunjin Zang and Wei Rao

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:152

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  45. Vascular mimicry (VM) was associated with the prognosis of cancers. The aim of the study was to explore the association between VM and anticancer therapy response in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.

    Authors: Xuejun He, Jijun You, Haibing Ding, Zhisheng Zhang, Lin Cui, Xiaomei Shen, Xiaoxia Bian, Yanqing Liu and Jue Chen

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:132

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  46. South Africa (SA) has experienced a rapid transition in the Human Development Index (HDI) over the past decade, which had an effect on the incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study a...

    Authors: Lactatia Motsuku, Wenlong Carl Chen, Mazvita Molleen Muchengeti, Megan Naidoo, Tamlyn Mac Quene, Patricia Kellett, Matshediso Ivy Mohlala, Kathryn M. Chu and Elvira Singh

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:129

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  47. Lung Cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in Aotearoa New Zealand. Māori communities in particular have higher incidence and mortality rates from Lung Cancer. Diagnosis of lung cancer at an early stage...

    Authors: Jacquie Kidd, Shemana Cassim, Anna Rolleston, Lynne Chepulis, Brendan Hokowhitu, Rawiri Keenan, Janice Wong, Melissa Firth, Karen Middleton, Denise Aitken and Ross Lawrenson

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:121

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  48. Cervical cancer is a leading cancer and cause of premature death among women in Uganda aged 15 to 44 years. To address the increasing burden of cervical cancer in Uganda, the Ministry of Health has adopted sev...

    Authors: James Henry Obol, Sophia Lin, Mark James Obwolo, Reema Harrison and Robyn Richmond

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:110

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  49. There is limited real-world safety information on palbociclib for treatment of advanced stage HR+/HER2- breast cancer.

    Authors: Daniel C. Beachler, Cynthia de Luise, Aziza Jamal-Allial, Ruihua Yin, Devon H. Taylor, Ayako Suzuki, James H. Lewis, James W. Freston and Stephan Lanes

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:97

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  50. Small soft tissue masses are often falsely assumed to be benign and resected with failure to achieve tumor-free margins. Therefore, this study retrospectively investigated the distribution of histopathologic d...

    Authors: Felix G. Gassert, Florian T. Gassert, Katja Specht, Carolin Knebel, Ulrich Lenze, Marcus R. Makowski, Rüdiger von Eisenhart-Rothe, Alexandra S. Gersing and Klaus Woertler

    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:93

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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