From: Clinicomics-guided distant metastasis prediction in breast cancer via artificial intelligence
Character | Training set | Validation set | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Distant metastasis | HR (95% CI) | P-value | Distant metastasis | |||
no | yes | no | yes | |||
Age (mean ± SD, years) | 47.4 (9.23) | 49.7 (9.96) | 1.020 (0.991–1.054) | 0.166 | 48.3 (10.8) | 42.5 (13.6) |
Family history of BC | ||||||
 Yes | 3 (3.41) | 2 (4.65) | 1.255 (0.304–5.192) | 0.754 | 3 (8.33%) | 0 (0.00%) |
 No | 85 (96.59) | 41 (95.35) | 33 (91.67%) | 19 (100.00%) | ||
Breast-feeding histories | ||||||
 Yes | 77 (87.50) | 35 (81.40) | 0.731 (0.339–1.575) | 0.423 | 31 (86.11%) | 15 (78.95%) |
 No | 11 (12.50) | 8 (18.60) | 5 (13.89%) | 4 (21.05%) | ||
Abortion | ||||||
 Yes | 55 (62.50) | 21 (48.84) | 0.639 (0.3513–1.162) | 0.142 | 21 (58.33%) | 10 (52.63%) |
 No | 33 (37.50) | 22 (51.16) | 15 (41.67%) | 9 (47.37%) | ||
Reproductive history | ||||||
 Yes | 85 (96.59) | 38 (88.37) | 0.455 (0.179–1.157) | 0.098 | 33 (91.67%) | 16 (84.21%) |
 No | 3 (3.41) | 5 (11.63) | 3 (8.33%) | 3 (15.79%) | ||
Menstrual status | ||||||
 Menstruate | 57 (64.77) | 23 (53.49) | 1.503 (0.825–2.738) | 0.183 | 21 (58.33%) | 14 (73.68%) |
 Menopause | 31 (35.23) | 20 (46.51) | 15 (41.67%) | 5 (26.32%) | ||
Age of menarche | 14.6 (1.71) | 14.3 (2.03) | 0.9402 (0.7914–1.117) |  | 14.4 (1.78) | 14.8 (1.69) |
Lymph node metastasis | Â | Â | Â | 0.484 | Â | Â |
 Have | 18 (20.45) | 26 (60.47) | 4.197 (2.27–7.759) |  < 0.001 | 12 (33.33%) | 11 (57.89%) |
 None | 70 (79.55) | 17 (39.53) | 24 (66.67%) | 8 (42.11%) | ||
molecular subtyping | ||||||
 1 | 9 (10.23) | 5 (11.63) | 1.109 (0.8039–1.53) | 0.529 | 4 (11.11%) | 2 (10.53%) |
 2 | 59 (67.05) | 23 (53.49) | 26 (72.22%) | 10 (52.63%) | ||
 3 | 5 (5.68) | 6 (13.95) | 1 (2.78%) | 3 (15.79%) | ||
 4 | 15 (17.05) | 9 (20.93) | 5 (13.89%) | 4 (21.05%) | ||
ER | ||||||
 Positive | 68 (77.27) | 27 (62.79) | 0.634 (0.3412–1.178) | 0.149 | 30 (83.33%) | 10 (52.63%) |
 Negative | 20 (22.73) | 16 (37.21) | 6 (16.67%) | 9 (47.37%) | ||
PR | ||||||
 Positive | 65 (73.86) | 25 (58.14) | 0.6001 (0.3271–1.101) | 0.099 | 30 (83.33%) | 10 (52.63%) |
 Negative | 23 (26.14) | 18 (41.86) | 6 (16.67%) | 9 (47.37%) | ||
HER2 status | ||||||
 Positive | 27 | 17 | 1.09 (0.735–1.616) | 0.669 | 23 | 10 |
 Negative | 61 | 26 | 13 | 9 | ||
Ki-67 | ||||||
 Positive | 78 (88.64) | 38 (88.37) | 1.003 (0.991–1.016) | 0.600 | 31 (86.11%) | 16 (84.21%) |
 Negative | 10 (11.36) | 5 (11.63) | 5 (13.89%) | 3 (15.79%) | ||
TPSA | ||||||
 Positive | 10 (11.36) | 6 (13.95) | 1.268 (0.5349–3.006) | 0.59 | 3 (8.33%) | 3 (15.79%) |
 Negative | 78 (88.64) | 37 (86.05) | 33 (91.67%) | 16 (84.21%) | ||
CA153 | ||||||
 Positive | 1 (1.14) | 10 (23.26) | 7.407 (3.573–15.36) |  < 0.001 | 0 (0.00%) | 4 (21.05%) |
 Negative | 87 (98.86) | 33 (76.74) | 36 (100.00%) | 15 (78.95%) | ||
CEA | ||||||
 Positive | 0 (0.00) | 9 (20.93) | 9.77 (4.489–21.26) |  < 0.001 | 1 (2.78%) | 3 (15.79%) |
 Negative | 88 (100.00) | 34 (79.07) | 35 (97.22%) | 16 (84.21%) | ||
CA125 | ||||||
 Positive | 4 (4.55) | 8 (18.60) | 3.195 (1.479–6.9) | 0.003 | 4 (11.11%) | 2 (10.53%) |
 Negative | 84 (95.45) | 35 (81.40) | 32 (88.89%) | 17 (89.47%) | ||
Operation | ||||||
 No surgery | 0 (0.00) | 7 (16.28) | 0.8021 (0.4741–1.357) | 0.411 | 0 (0.00%) | 0 (0.00%) |
 Conserving | 39 (44.32) | 8 (18.60) | 16 (44.44%) | 7 (36.84%) | ||
 Radical | 49 (55.68) | 28 (65.12) | 20 (55.56%) | 12 (63.16%) | ||
Endocrinotherapy | ||||||
 Yes | 11 (12.50) | 0 (0.00) | 1.281e-08 (0-Inf) | 0.996 | 1 (2.78%) | 0 (0.00%) |
 No | 77 (87.50) | 43 (100.00) | 35 (97.22%) | 19 (100.00%) | ||
Radiotherapy | ||||||
 Yes | 13 (14.77) | 10 (23.25) | 1.476 (0.7272–2.997) | 0.281 | 4 (11.11%) | 4 (21.05%) |
 No | 75 (85.23) | 33 (76.74) | 32 (88.89%) | 15 (78.95%) | ||
Chemotherapy | ||||||
 Yes | 79 (89.77) | 42 (97.67) | 4.124 (0.5675–29.97) | 0.161 | 34 (94.44%) | 19 (100.00%) |
 No | 9 (10.23) | 1 (2.33) | 2 (5.56%) | 0 (0.00%) | ||
RadScore (mean ± SD) | -2.84 (0.49) | -1.67 (0.46) | l |  < 0.001 | -2.48 (0.72) | -2.42 (0.75) |