Fig. 2

Effects of exposure to combined G-CSF and cisplatin (Regimen 1) compared to cisplatin alone or control on germ cell number in human fetal testicular tissues at 240 hrs post-exposure. Representative images of IHC staining for expression of gonocyte (AP2y, brown) and (pre)spermatogonial protein markers (MAGE-A4, blue) in control (A), 0.5 μg/ml cisplatin (B) or 20 ng/ml G-CSF + cisplatin (C) exposed human fetal testicular tissues at 240 hrs post-exposure. Dashed lines outline seminiferous cords. Quantification of total germ cell (D) and separate populations, gonocyte (E) and (pre)spermatogonial (F) numbers per cord area (mm²) at 240 hrs post-exposure. Each set of coloured points or squares represents an individual fetus (n = 3–4; 17-22GW). Data presented as mean ± SEM and analysed using two-way ANOVA (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ****p < 0.0001)