Table 2 Baseline clinicopathological characteristics of the three groups in the training cohort
Variables | level | Low IFS score | Median IFS score | High IFS score | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|  |  | N = 149 |  N = 187 |  N = 110 |  |
Age, year (mean ± SD) |  | 54.36 ± 10.71 | 53.03 ± 10.67 | 55.08 ± 9.18 | 0.220 |
Sex (%) | female | 52 (34.9) | 65 (34.8) | 34 (30.9) | 0.753 |
| Â | male | 97 (65.1) | 122 (65.2) | 76 (69.1) | Â |
Hepatolithiasis (%) | no | 135 (90.6) | 172 (92.0) | 99 (90.0) | 0.826 |
| Â | yes | 14 (9.4) | 15 (8.0) | 11 (10.0) | Â |
Diabetes (%) | no | 139 (93.3) | 175 (93.6) | 103 (93.6) | 0.992 |
| Â | yes | 10 (6.7) | 12 (6.4) | 7 (6.4) | Â |
HBsAg (+) (%) | no | 66 (44.3) | 114 (61.0) | 65 (59.1) | 0.006 |
| Â | yes | 83 (55.7) | 73 (39.0) | 45 (40.9) | Â |
Anti-HCV (%) | no | 144 (96.6) | 187 (100.0) | 109 (99.1) | 0.027 |
| Â | yes | 5 (3.4) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.9) | Â |
Child-Pugh grade (%) | A | 147 (98.7) | 184 (98.4) | 104 (94.5) | 0.066 |
| Â | B | 2 (1.3) | 3 (1.6) | 6 (5.5) | Â |
TBIL, mg/dL* | Â | 12.60 [9.80, 15.40] | 12.00 [9.20, 16.05] | 12.45 [8.95, 16.32] | 0.563 |
ALT, IU/L* | Â | 26.00 [17.00, 39.10] | 25.70 [17.30, 40.70] | 28.20 [17.07, 45.43] | 0.786 |
AST, IU/L* | Â | 25.00 [19.00, 32.00] | 27.50 [20.55, 38.80] | 28.10 [20.00, 41.77] | 0.041 |
GGT, IU/L* |  | 45.00 [30.00, 71.00] | 74.00 [47.50, 140.50] | 168.00 [97.75, 275.75] | < 0.001 |
HgB, g/L (mean ± SD) |  | 138.45 ± 16.45 | 133.45 ± 17.73 | 128.15 ± 18.28 | < 0.001 |
PT, second* | Â | 11.60 [11.10, 12.20] | 11.60 [11.00, 12.10] | 11.80 [11.20, 12.30] | 0.125 |
ALB, g/L (mean ± SD) |  | 43.69 ± 3.60 | 42.51 ± 3.40 | 40.58 ± 4.03 | < 0.001 |
PLT, ×109/L* |  | 172.00 [132.00, 219.00] | 195.00 [147.00, 240.50] | 219.50 [175.00, 297.50] | < 0.001 |
WBC, ×109/L* |  | 5.54 [4.64, 6.97] | 6.26 [5.21, 7.58] | 7.38 [6.44, 9.34] | < 0.001 |
AFP, µg/L* |  | 3.90 [2.40, 8.50] | 3.50 [2.30, 8.75] | 4.05 [2.42, 12.42] | 0.548 |
CEA, µg/L* |  | 2.30 [1.40, 3.50] | 2.60 [1.50, 5.15] | 3.25 [1.70, 9.38] | 0.004 |
CA199, IU/mL* |  | 25.60 [13.30, 49.40] | 56.90 [14.80, 206.30] | 117.10 [27.62, 1000.00] | < 0.001 |
Perioperative transfusion (%) | no | 135 (90.6) | 157 (84.0) | 85 (77.3) | 0.013 |
| Â | yes | 14 (9.4) | 30 (16.0) | 25 (22.7) | Â |
Anatomic resection (%) | no | 32 (21.5) | 27 (14.4) | 22 (20.0) | 0.213 |
| Â | yes | 117 (78.5) | 160 (85.6) | 88 (80.0) | Â |
Major resection (%) | no | 124 (83.2) | 131 (70.1) | 71 (64.5) | 0.002 |
| Â | yes | 25 (16.8) | 56 (29.9) | 39 (35.5) | Â |
Resection margin ≥ 10 mm (%) | yes | 21 (14.1) | 20 (10.7) | 6 (5.5) | 0.081 |
| Â | no | 128 (85.9) | 167 (89.3) | 104 (94.5) | Â |
Cirrhosis (%) | no | 107 (71.8) | 150 (80.2) | 95 (86.4) | 0.015 |
| Â | yes | 42 (28.2) | 37 (19.8) | 15 (13.6) | Â |
Tumor diameter, cm (mean ± SD) |  | 5.41 ± 2.47 | 7.04 ± 2.81 | 8.08 ± 2.92 | < 0.001 |
Multiple tumors (%) | no | 142 (95.3) | 178 (95.2) | 105 (95.5) | 0.994 |
| Â | yes | 7 (4.7) | 9 (4.8) | 5 (4.5) | Â |
Satellite nodules (%) | no | 122 (81.9) | 135 (72.2) | 67 (60.9) | 0.001 |
| Â | yes | 27 (18.1) | 52 (27.8) | 43 (39.1) | Â |
Tumor capsule (%) | no | 133 (89.3) | 171 (91.4) | 106 (96.4) | 0.282 |
| Â | complete | 10 (6.7) | 8 (4.3) | 2 (1.8) | Â |
| Â | incomplete | 6 (4.0) | 8 (4.3) | 2 (1.8) | Â |
Tumor differentiation (%) | low | 7 (4.7) | 8 (4.3) | 7 (6.4) | 0.655 |
| Â | median | 140 (94.0) | 178 (95.2) | 103 (93.6) | Â |
| Â | high | 2 (1.3) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | Â |
Adjacent tissue invasion (%) | no | 145 (97.3) | 177 (94.7) | 98 (89.1) | 0.019 |
| Â | yes | 4 (2.7) | 10 (5.3) | 12 (10.9) | Â |
MVI (%) | no | 141 (94.6) | 163 (87.2) | 94 (85.5) | 0.030 |
| Â | yes | 8 (5.4) | 24 (12.8) | 16 (14.5) | Â |
LNM (%) | no | 140 (94.0) | 158 (84.5) | 78 (70.9) | < 0.001 |
| Â | yes | 9 (6.0) | 29 (15.5) | 32 (29.1) | Â |