Table 1 Demographics and clinical characteristics of study population
Characteristics No. (%) | Training set (n = 4117) | Internal validation set (n = 1737) | External validation set 1 (n = 472) | External validation set 2 (n = 422) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | ||||
< 30 | 769 (18.7) | 306 (17.6) | 60 (12.7) | 47 (11.1) |
30–39 | 1525 (37.1) | 676 (38.9) | 191 (40.5) | 184 (43.6) |
40–49 | 1096 (26.6) | 440 (25.4) | 151 (32.0) | 140 (33.2) |
50–59 | 578 (14.0) | 238 (13.7) | 59 (12.5) | 40 (9.5) |
> 59 | 149 (3.6) | 77 (4.4) | 11 (2.3) | 11 (2.6) |
Gravidity | ||||
0 | 486 (11.8) | 175 (10.1) | 36 (7.6) | 62 (14.7) |
1–3 | 2863 (69.5) | 1228 (70.7) | 286 (60.6) | 260 (61.6) |
> 3 | 768 (18.7) | 334 (19.2) | 150 (31.8) | 100 (23.7) |
Parity | ||||
0 | 733 (17.8) | 292 (16.8) | 64 (13.6) | 97 (23.0) |
1–2 | 3053 (74.2) | 1309 (75.4) | 336 (71.1) | 314 (74.4) |
> 2 | 311 (8.0) | 136 (7.8) | 72 (15.3) | 11 (2.6) |
Menopause | ||||
No | 3542 (86.0) | 1456 (83.8) | 408 (86.4) | 365 (86.5) |
Yes | 575 (14.0) | 281 (16.2) | 64 (13.6) | 57 (13.5) |
Cytology results | ||||
NILM | 1722 (41.8) | 688 (39.6) | 219 (46.4) | 272 (64.5) |
ASC-US | 1218 (29.6) | 550 (31.7) | 124 (26.3) | 87 (20.6) |
LSIL | 688 (16.7) | 290 (16.7) | 69 (14.6) | 28 (6.6) |
ASC-H | 153 (3.7) | 83 (4.7) | 21 (4.4) | 25 (5.9) |
HSIL | 336 (8.2) | 126 (7.3) | 39 (8.3) | 10 (2.4) |
HPV status | ||||
Negative | 624 (15.2) | 242 (13.9) | 97 (20.6) | 233 (55.2) |
Non-16/18 hr-HPV | 2084 (50.6) | 878 (50.6) | 245 (51.9) | 140 (33.2) |
HPV16/18 | 1409 (34.2) | 617 (35.5) | 130 (27.5) | 49 (11.6) |
Cervix visibility | ||||
Inadequate | 1304 (31.7) | 550 (31.7) | 220 (46.6) | 226 (53.6) |
Adequate | 2813 (68.3) | 1187 (68.3) | 252 (53.4) | 196 (46.4) |
TZ types | ||||
TZ1 | 1105 (26.8) | 444 (25.6) | 129 (27.3) | 154 (36.5) |
TZ2 | 1477 (35.9) | 664 (38.2) | 82 (17.4) | 24 (5.7) |
TZ3 | 1535 (37.3) | 629 (36.2) | 261 (55.3) | 244 (57.8) |
Colposcopic impression | ||||
Normal/benign | 1062 (25.8) | 447 (25.7) | 180 (38.1) | 142 (33.6) |
Low-grade | 2110 (51.2) | 913 (52.6) | 177 (37.5) | 241 (57.2) |
High-grade | 945 (23.0) | 377 (21.7) | 115 (24.4) | 39 (9.2) |
Size of lesion area | ||||
< 1/3 | 1627 (39.5) | 691 (39.8) | 295 (62.5) | 202 (47.9) |
1/3 − 2/3 | 2214 (53.8) | 923 (53.1) | 161 (34.1) | 187 (44.3) |
> 2/3 | 276 (6.7) | 123 (7.1) | 16 (3.4) | 33 (7.8) |
Histology | ||||
Normal/benign | 1485 (36.1) | 598 (34.5) | 188 (39.8) | 246 (58.3) |
LSIL | 1578 (38.3) | 725 (41.7) | 152 (32.2) | 127 (30.1) |
HSIL | 1018 (24.7) | 400 (23.0) | 122 (25.9) | 49 (11.6) |
Cancer | 36 (0.9) | 14 (0.8) | 10 (2.1) | None |