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Table 4 Univariate and multivariate analyses of risk factors on OS for locoregional recurrence and distant metastasis

From: Treatment outcomes of cetuximab-containing regimen in locoregional recurrent and distant metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Variables

Locoregional recurrence

Distant metastasis

Univariate

Multivariate

Univariate

Multivariate

HR (95% CI)

p-value

HR (95% CI)

p-value

HR (95% CI)

p-value

HR (95% CI)

p-value

Age (> 60 vs. ≤60)

1.04 (0.58–1.87)

0.897

  

0.87 (0.43–1.74)

0.685

  

Sex (Male vs. Female)

0.35 (0.11–1.13)

0.078

0.56 (0.16–1.92)

0.354

1.24 (0.37–4.12)

0.731

  

Smoking (Former/current vs. Never)

1.17 (0.46–2.96)

0.742

  

1.71 (0.69–4.24)

0.247

  

Betel nuts (Former/current vs. Never)

0.71 (0.39–1.29)

0.254

  

1.04 (0.50–2.17)

0.909

  

Performance status scale (ECOG ≧1 vs. 0)

1.82 (1.01–3.30)

0.048

1.54 (0.83–2.86)

0.175

1.17 (0.50–2.73)

0.715

  

Primary tumor location (Oral cavity vs. Others)

0.69 (0.38–1.25)

0.220

  

1.26 (0.61–2.58)

0.537

  

Primary tumor location (Hypolarynx/ larynx vs. others)

1.69 (0.87–3.28)

0.119

  

0.86 (0.41–1.78)

0.675

  

Previous systemic treatment

 Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (Yes vs. No)

1.36 (0.75–2.48)

0.310

  

1.31 (0.58–2.96)

0.509

  

 Primary CCRT (Yes vs. No)

1.01 (0.56–1.82)

0.965

  

1.14 (0.53–2.46)

0.739

  

 Adjuvant CCRT (Yes vs. No)

0.68 (0.36–1.27)

0.224

  

0.85 (0.41–1.78)

0.665

  

Recurrence after RT (<  6 months vs. >  6 months)

1.28 (0.70–2.33)

0.426

  

5.32 (2.12–13.40)

< 0.001

  

Treatment

 Salvage surgery (Yes vs. No)

0.23 (0.08–0.66)

0.006

0.25 (0.10–0.72)

0.010

–

   

 Salvage radiotherapy (Yes vs. No)

0.71 (0.32–1.60)

0.408

  

–

   
  1. Abbreviations: HR hazard ratio, CI confidence intervals, ECOG Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, CCRT concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Bold indicates statistically significant at p < 0.05