Table 1 Scoring systems that incorporating laboratory markers

Revised Katagiri

Katagiri et al. 2014 [18]

Abnormal: CRP ≥0.4 mg/ dL, LDH ≥250 IU/L, albumin < 3.7 g/dL

Critical: platelets < 100,000/μL, Ca2+ ≥10.3 mg/dL, or total bilirubin ≥1.4 mg/dL

Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) grade, primary tumor type, presence of visceral or brain metastases, prior chemotherapy, presence of multiple skeletal fractures

The New England Spinal Metastasis Score (NESMS)

Ghori et al. 2015 [19]

Albumin: ≤3.4 g/dL vs ≥ 3.5 g/dL

Modified Bauer score, ambulatory status

SORG classic

Paulino Pereira et al. 2016 [20]

WBC: ≥11 × 10³/μL vs < 11 × 10³/μL

Hgb: ≤10 g/dL

Age, ECOG grade, primary pathology, presence of multiple spine metastases, presence of visceral or brain metastases, prior systemic therapy

SORG nomogram

Paulino Pereira et al. 2016 [20]

Hgb: from 6 to 18 g/dL

WBC: from 2 to 34 × 10³/μL

Age, prior systemic therapy, visceral/brain metastases, mobile spine metastases, primary tumor type, ECOG grade

SORG ML

Karhade et al. 2019 [11]

Hgb: from 7 to 17 g/dL

Platelet: from 20 to 900 × 10³/μL

Absolute Lymphocyte: from 0.06 to 4.5 × 10³/μL

Absolute Neutrophil: from 0.8 to 60 × 10³/μL

Creatinine: from 0.3 to 6 mg/dL

INR: from 0.9 to 2.1

WBC: from 2 to 50 × 10³/μL

Alkaline Phosphatase: from 30 to 1200 IU/L

Albumin: from 2.1 to 5.2 g/dL

Primary tumor histology, ECOG, ASIA, CCI, visceral metastases, brain metastases, prior systemic therapy, no. of spine metastases, BMI

Scoring rubric using PLR and serum albumin

Schoenfeld et al. 2019 [21]

PLR: ≤180 vs > 180

Albumin: ≤3.5 g/dL vs > 3.5 g/dL

None