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Table 4 Risk of developing lymph node metastasis according to clinicopathologic factors and IDO2 expression

From: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 2 immunohistochemical expression in medullary thyroid carcinoma: implications in prognosis and immunomodulatory effects

Characteristics

 

N (%)

OR (95% CI)

P-value

 

Total

Without lymph node metastasis

With lymph node metastasis

Gender

   

0.358(0.197–0.652)

0.001 *

Male

85(45.5)

28(32.9)

57(67.1)

  

Female

102(54.4)

59(57.8)

43(42.2)

  

Age at diagnose(year)

   

0.918(0.516–1.634)

0.771

≤ 52

101(54.0)

46(45.5)

55(54.5)

  

>52

86(46.0)

41(47.7)

45(52.3)

  

Heredity

   

2.312(1.089–4.906)

0.029 *

Hereditary

39(20.8)

12(30.8)

27(69.2)

  

sporadic

148(79.2)

75(50.7)

73(49.3)

  

Multifocal

   

2.837(1.444–5.572)

0.002 *

Yes

55(29.4)

16(29.1)

39(70.9)

  

No

132(70.6)

71(53.8)

61(46.2)

  

ETE

   

2.844(1.542–5.246)

0.001 *

Yes

76(40.6)

24(31.6)

52(68.4)

  

No

111(59.4)

63(56.8)

48(43.2)

  

Bilateral lesions

   

1.347(0.524–3.464)

0.537

Yes

20(10.7)

8(40.0)

12(60.0)

  

No

167(89.3)

79(47.3)

88(52.7)

  

Tumor size(cm)

   

1.052(0.646–1.712)

0.838

≤ 2

120(64.2)

56(46.7)

64(53.3)

  

2–4

57(30.5)

27(47.4)

30(52.6)

  

>4

10(5.3)

4(40.0)

6(60.0)

  

pT stage

   

2.911(1.584–5.350)

0.001 *

T1/T2

108(57.7)

62(57.4)

46(42.6)

  

T3/T4

79(42.3)

25(31.6)

54(68.4)

  

Coexist HT

   

0.654(0.271–1.579)

0.345

Yes

24(12.8)

9(37.5)

15(62.5)

  

No

163(87.2)

78(47.9)

85(52.1)

  

IDO2 expression

   

8.878(4.403–17.902)

0.001 *

High

77(41.1)

14(18.2)

63(81.8)

  

Low

110(58.9)

73(66.4)

37(33.6)

  
  1. *P<0.05; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; IDO2, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 2; ETE, extrathyroid extension; HT, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis