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Table 4 Areas under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity measurements for G-test, AFP, and AAR (single and combination)

From: The combination of serum oligosaccharide chain (G-test), alpha-fetoprotein, and aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio provides the optimal diagnostic value for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma

 

AUC

Cut-offs

Sensitivity (%)

Specificity (%)

Youden index

+LR

-LR

+PV

-PV

p value

Healthy vs. HCC

          

G-Test

0.953 (0.890–0.986)

4.73

90.9 (82.2–96.3)

100.0 (83.2–100.0)

0.909

 

0.091 (0.04–0.2)

100.0

74.1 (58.5–85.3)

< 0.001

AFP

0.827 (0.736–0.896)

5.28

61.0 (49.2–72.0)

95.0 (75.1–99.9)

0.560

12.2 (1.8–83.2)

0.4 (0.3–0.6)

97.9 (87.3–99.7)

38.8 (32.0–46.0)

< 0.001

AAR

0.546 (0.441–0.648)

1.75

70.1 (58.6–80.0)

47.4 (24.4–71.1)

0.175

1.3 (0.8–2.1)

0.63 (0.4–1.1)

84.4 (77.5–89.4)

28.1 (17.9–41.2)

0.552

G-Test + AFP + AAR

0.958 (0.896–0.988)

0.839

88.3 (79.0-94.5)

100.0 (82.4–100.0)

0.883

 

0.12 (0.06–0.2)

100.0

67.9 (53.3–79.6)

< 0.001

Hepatitis vs. HCC

          

G-Test

0.786 (0.690–0.864)

4.47

90.9 (82.2–96.3)

77.8 (52.4–93.6)

0.687

4.1 (1.7–9.7)

0.1 (0.06–0.2)

94.6 (88.0-97.7)

66.7 (48.6–80.9)

< 0.001

AFP

0.652 (0.547–0.746)

96.14

58.4 (46.6–69.6)

77.8 (52.4–93.6)

0.362

2.6 (1.1–6.4)

0.5 (0.4–0.8)

91.8 (82.3–96.5)

30.4 (23.3–38.6)

0.013

AAR

0.850 (0.762–0.915)

1.53

96.1 (89.0-99.2)

72.2 (46.5–90.3)

0.683

3.5 (1.6–7.3)

0.1 (0.02–0.2)

93.7 (87.5–96.9)

81.2 (57.9–93.2)

< 0.001

G-Test + AFP + AAR

0.898 (0.818–0.950)

0.83

81.8 (71.4–89.7)

88.9 (65.3–98.6)

0.707

7.4 (2.0-27.3)

0.2 (0.1–0.3)

96.9 (89.5–99.2)

53.3 (40.9–65.4)

< 0.001

Cirrhosis vs. HCC

          

G-Test

0.792 (0.705–0.862)

5.58

84.4 (74.4–91.7)

73.0 (55.9–86.2)

0.574

3.1 (1.8–5.3)

0.2 (0.1–0.4)

86.7 (79.1–91.8)

69.2 (56.3–79.7)

< 0.001

AFP

0.655 (0.561–0.742)

201.8

36.4 (25.7–48.1)

94.6 (81.8–99.3)

0.31

6.7 (1.7–26.7)

0.8 (0.6–0.8)

93.3 (77.9–98.2)

41.7 (37.2–46.2)

0.003

AAR

0.544 (0.448–0.638)

0.58

33.8 (23.4–45.4)

81.1 (64.8–92.0)

0.149

1.8 (0.9–3.7)

0.8 (0.7-1.0)

78.8 (64.0-88.6)

37.0 (32.0-42.4)

0.427

G-Test + AFP + AAR

0.808 (0.723–0.876)

0.62

89.6 (80.6–95.4)

67.6 (50.2–82.0)

0.572

2.8 (1.7–4.4)

0.2 (0.08–0.3)

85.2 (78.2–90.2)

75.8 (61.0-86.2)

< 0.001

  1. ±LR: positive/negative likelihood ratio; ±PV: positive/negative predictive value; AAR: aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio; AFP: alpha-fetoprotein; AUC: area under the curve; G-test: serum oligosaccharide chain; HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma