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Table 8 Factors associated with long-term relative survival in 417 patients treated for rectal cancer stages I-III with a major resection and curative intent (R0 and R1) that survived 90 days postoperatively (270 died during the observation period)

From: The impact of age on rectal cancer treatment, complications and survival

Factor

Unadjusted hazard ratio (95% CI)

p value

Adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI)

p value

Age (years)

 <65

1 (reference)

 

1 (reference)

 

 65 - 79

2.25 (0.95 to 5.32)

0.065

1.82 (0.71 to 4.67)

0.22

 80 +

2.92 (0.86 to 9.77)

0.081

1.58 (0.42 to 5.93)

0.50

Female sex

1.24 (0.60 to 2.56)

0.57

1.17 (0.60 to 2.29)

0.65

Calendar year

 1980-1989

1 (reference)

 

1 (reference)

 

 1990-1999

1.63 (0.60 to 4.43)

0.34

0.95 (0.35 to 2.60)

0.92

 2000-2009

1.01 (0.36 to 2.87)

0.98

0.74 (0.27 to 2.05)

0.57

 2010-2016

0.52 (0.13 to 2.13)

0.36

0.42 (0.13 to 1.34)

0.14

Charlson Index

 0

1 (reference)

 

1 (reference)

 

 1

2.97 (1.14 to 7.74)

0.026

2.06 (0.83 to 5.12)

0.12

 2

4.09 (1.71 to 9.78)

0.002

1.78 (0.66 to 4.82)

0.26

 3 +

6.08 (1.91 to 19.31)

0.002

4.90 (1.47 to 16.30)

0.010

ASA score

 1-2

1 (reference)

 

1 (reference)

 

 3-4

3.43 (1.70 to 6.91)

0.001

2.37 (1.11 to 5.05)

0.026

Emergency surgery

7.19 (2.63 to 19.64)

<0.001

4.88 (1.23 to 19.41)

0.025

TNM-stage

 I-II

1 (reference)

 

1 (reference)

 

 III

3.72 (1.67 to 8.29)

0.001

2.70 (1.32 to 5.52)

0.007

Type of resection

 R0 - resection

1 (reference)

 

1 (reference)

 

 R0 - resection with perforation

2.92 (0.78 to 10.94)

0.11

1.20 (0.23 to 6.21)

0.83

 R1 - resection

5.98 (2.26 to 15.84)

<0.001

2.03 (0.65 to 6.37)

0.23

  1. Unadjusted: performed with one covariate at a time; adjusted: performed with all the listed covariates simultaneously