Preoperative serum CA19-9 should be routinely measured in the colorectal patients with preoperative normal serum CEA: a multicenter retrospective cohort study

Table 2 Cox proportional hazard regression analysis of preoperative CA19-9 on colorectal cancer outcomes

Outcome	Total		Normal CEA group		Elevated CEA group
Outcome	Hazard Ratio (95% CI)	P Value	Hazard Ratio (95% CI)	P Value	Hazard Ratio (95% CI)	P Value
RFS
Model1	2.02 (1.79–2.28)	< 0.001	2.34 (1.89–2.90)	< 0.001	1.56 (1.34–1.82)	< 0.001
Model2	2.02 (1.79–2.28)	< 0.001	2.41 (1.94–2.99)	< 0.001	1.56 (1.34–1.82)	< 0.001
Model3	1.90 (1.67–2.16)	< 0.001	2.10 (1.66–2.66)	< 0.001	1.54 (1.30–1.81)	< 0.001
Model4	2.08 (1.75–2.47)	< 0.001	2.01 (1.47–2.74)	0.001	1.68 (1.35–2.08)	< 0.001
OS
Model1	2.28 (1.96–2.65)	< 0.001	2.85 (2.18–3.72)	< 0.001	1.64 (1.36–1.98)	< 0.001
Model2	2.26 (1.95–2.63)	< 0.001	3.02 (2.31–3.95)	< 0.001	1.63 (1.35–1.97)	< 0.001
Model3	2.05 (1.74–2.42)	< 0.001	2.54 (1.89–3.42)	< 0.001	1.55 (1.27–1.90)	< 0.001
Model4	2.25 (1.80–2.81)	< 0.001	2.20 (1.44–3.35)	< 0.001	1.72 (1.30–2.28)	< 0.001

Note: CA 19–9 carbohydrate antigen 19–9, CEA carcinoembryonic antigen, OS overall survival, RFS recurrence-free survival
Model 1 was unadjusted. Model 2 was adjusted for sex (female vs. male), age. Model 3 was adjusted for sex (female vs. male), age, primary site (rectum vs. colon), surgical approach (open resection vs. laparoscopic resection), pathology stage (III → II), lymph node yield (≥ 12 vs. < 12), tumor differentiation (poor-undifferentiated vs. moderate vs. well), mucinous (colloid) type (yes vs. no), lymphovascular invasion / perineural invasion (yes vs. no), adjuvant chemotherapy (yes vs. no). Model 4 was adjusted for sex (female vs. male), age, primary site (rectum vs. colon), surgical approach (open resection vs. laparoscopic resection), pathology stage (III → II), lymph node yield (≥ 12 vs. < 12), tumor differentiation (poor-undifferentiated vs. moderate vs. well), mucinous (colloid) type (yes vs. no), lymphovascular invasion / perineural invasion (yes vs. no), adjuvant chemotherapy (yes vs. no), microsatellite instability (yes vs. no)

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