Table 2 Features of cancer and rebleeding in patients with head and neck cancer according to rebleeding status
Variable | Total N = 231 | Rebleeding N = 112 | Non-rebleeding N = 119 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Cancer site | 0.235 | |||
Oral cavity | 94(40.7) | 41(36.6) | 53(44.5) | |
Nasopharynx | 34(14.7) | 16(14.3) | 18(15.1) | |
Oropharynx | 42(18.2) | 20(17.9) | 22(18.5) | |
Hypopharynx | 45(19.5) | 23(20.5) | 22(18.5) | |
Larynx | 16(6.9) | 12(10.7) | 4(3.4) | |
Initial T stage | 0.371 | |||
T1 | 27(11.7) | 10(8.9) | 17(14.3) | |
T2 | 36(15.6) | 21(18.8) | 15(12.6) | |
T3 | 27(11.7) | 15(13.4) | 12(10.1) | |
T4 | 131(56.7) | 63(56.3) | 68(57.1) | |
Unknown | 10(4.3) | 3(2.7) | 7(5.9) | |
Initial N stage | 0.590 | |||
N0 | 108(46.8) | 52(46.4) | 56(47.1) | |
N + | 112(48.5) | 58(51.8) | 54(45.4) | |
Unknown | 11(4.8) | 2(1.8) | 9(7.6) | |
Initial M stage | 0.116 | |||
M0 | 199(86.1) | 102(91.1) | 97(81.5) | |
M1 | 20(8.7) | 7(6.3) | 13(10.9) | |
Unknown | 12(5.2) | 3(2.7) | 9(7.6) | |
Pathology type | 0.540 | |||
Squamous cell carcinoma | ||||
Keratinizing carcinoma | 213(92.2) | 104(92.9) | 109(91.6) | |
Nonkeratinizing carcinoma | 16(6.9) | 7(6.3) | 9(7.6) | |
Sarcomatoid carcinoma | 1(0.4) | 0(0) | 1(0.8) | |
Adenocarcinoma | 1(0.4) | 1(0.9) | 0(0) | |
Cancer treatment | ||||
Surgical resection | 117(50.6) | 57(51.4) | 60(50.4) | 0.888 |
Chemoradiation | 179(77.5) | 92(82.1) | 87(73.1) | 0.100 |
Neck dissection | 100(43.3) | 50(45.0) | 50(42.7) | 0.725 |
Flap reconstruction | 80(34.6) | 42(37.8) | 38(32.5) | 0.397 |
Local recurrence | 92(39.8) | 50(45.0) | 42(36.2) | 0.175 |
Second primary cancer | 63(27.3) | 37(33.0) | 26(21.8) | 0.056 |
Bleeding cause | 0.726 | |||
Tumor-related | 183(79.2) | 91(81.3) | 92(78.6) | |
Pseudoaneurysm | 25(10.8) | 12(10.7) | 13(10.9) | |
Postoperative complication | 22(9.5) | 9(8) | 13(10.9) | |
Fistula formation | 1(0.4) | 0(0) | 1(0.8) | |
Bleeding type | 0.509 | |||
Self-limited | 100(43.3) | 46(41.1) | 54(45.4) | |
Active bleeding | 131(56.7) | 66(58.9) | 65(54.6) | |
Emergent CTA | 76(32.9) | 41(36.6) | 35(29.4) | 0.245 |
Bleeding treatment | 0.523 | |||
Supportive care | 191(82.7) | 92(82.1) | 99(83.2) | |
Embolization | 31(13.4) | 16(14.3) | 15(12.6) | |
Covered stent | 5(2.2) | 1(0.9) | 4(3.4) | |
Surgical ligation | 3(1.3) | 2(1.8) | 1(0.8) | |
Primary repair | 1(0.4) | 1(0.9) | 0(0) | |
Blood transfusion | 98(42.4) | 49(43.8) | 49(41.2) | 0.692 |