Table 1 Characteristics of participants in the study according to tobacco smoking status in Northern Vietnam, 25,619 participants for over 12 years-following-up, 2008–2019
| Â | Â | Â | Ever smokers | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|  | Total participants (n = 25,619) | Never smoker (n = 17,484) | Both waterpipe and cigarette (n = 2,359) | Exclusive waterpipe (n = 2,754) | Exclusive Cigarette (n = 2,745) | |||||
| Â | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % |
Sex | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Men | 12,144 | 47.4 | 4,369 | 25.0 | 2,263 | 95.9 | 2,631 | 95.5 | 2,619 | 95.4 |
 Women | 13,475 | 52.6 | 13,115 | 75.0 | 96 | 4.1 | 123 | 4.5 | 126 | 4.6 |
 Total | 25,619 | 100.0 | 17,484 | 100.0 | 2,359 | 100.0 | 2,754 | 100.0 | 2,745 | 100.0 |
Age group | ||||||||||
 30–39 | 7,038 | 27.5 | 4,977 | 28.5 | 640 | 27.1 | 574 | 20.8 | 771 | 28.1 |
 40–49 | 6,885 | 26.9 | 4,346 | 24.9 | 799 | 33.9 | 885 | 32.1 | 777 | 28.3 |
 50–59 | 5,000 | 19.5 | 3,247 | 18.6 | 480 | 20.4 | 643 | 23.4 | 572 | 20.9 |
 60–69 | 2,814 | 11.0 | 1,926 | 11.0 | 226 | 9.6 | 295 | 10.7 | 336 | 12.2 |
 70–79 | 2,558 | 10.0 | 1,875 | 10.7 | 170 | 7.1 | 266 | 9.7 | 223 | 8.1 |
 80 +  | 1,324 | 5.1 | 1,113 | 6.3 | 44 | 1.9 | 91 | 3.3 | 66 | 2.4 |
 Total | 25,619 | 100.0 | 17,484 | 100.0 | 2,359 | 100.0 | 2,754 | 100.0 | 2,745 | 100.0 |
Education | ||||||||||
  < 6 years | 6,081 | 23.7 | 4,671 | 26.7 | 400 | 17.0 | 674 | 24.5 | 289 | 10.5 |
  ≥ 6 years | 19,276 | 75.3 | 12,589 | 72.0 | 1,955 | 82.9 | 2,059 | 74.8 | 2,446 | 89.1 |
 Unknown | 262 | 1.0 | 224 | 1.3 | 4 | 0.1 | 21 | 0.7 | 10 | 0.4 |
 Total | 25,619 | 100.0 | 17,484 | 100.0 | 2,359 | 100.0 | 2,754 | 100.0 | 2,745 | 100.0 |
BMI (kg/m2) | ||||||||||
  < 18.5 | 4,844 | 18.9 | 3,423 | 19.6 | 404 | 17.1 | 542 | 19.7 | 420 | 15.3 |
 18.5- < 23.0 | 13,944 | 54.5 | 9,455 | 54.1 | 1,305 | 55.3 | 1,516 | 55.1 | 1,512 | 55.1 |
  ≥ 23 | 2,596 | 10.1 | 1,591 | 9.1 | 304 | 12.9 | 223 | 8.1 | 449 | 16.4 |
 Unknown | 4,235 | 16.5 | 3,015 | 17.2 | 346 | 14.7 | 473 | 17.1 | 364 | 13.2 |
 Total | 25,619 | 100.0 | 17,484 | 100.0 | 2,359 | 100.0 | 2,754 | 100.0 | 2,745 | 100.0 |
Available fridge | ||||||||||
 Yes | 12,548 | 49.0 | 8,583 | 49.1 | 1,087 | 46.1 | 1,097 | 39.8 | 1,640 | 59.8 |
 No | 12,877 | 50.2 | 8,765 | 50.1 | 1,256 | 53.2 | 1,635 | 59.4 | 1,085 | 39.5 |
 Unknown | 194 | 0.8 | 136 | 0.8 | 16 | 0.7 | 22 | 0.8 | 20 | 0.7 |
 Total | 25,619 | 100.0 | 17,484 | 100.0 | 2,359 | 100.0 | 2,754 | 100.0 | 2,745 | 100.0 |
Alcohol usage | ||||||||||
 Yes | 7,954 | 31.1 | 2,122 | 12.1 | 1,904 | 80.7 | 1,990 | 72.3 | 1,924 | 70.1 |
 No | 16,654 | 65.0 | 14,608 | 83.6 | 455 | 19.3 | 764 | 27.7 | 821 | 29.9 |
 Unknown | 1,011 | 3.9 | 754 | 4.3 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
 Total | 25,619 | 100.0 | 17,484 | 100.0 | 2,359 | 100.0 | 2,754 | 100.0 | 2,745 | 100.0 |