Fig. 4

Cytokine array of CM-CAFs and effect of IL-8 on proliferation of OCUCh-LM1 cells. a Cytokine array compares BTC CM-CAFs and PDAC CM-CAFs 1. BDNF, IL-8, and IL-1α are commonly included. b IL-8 significantly suppresses proliferation of OCUCh-LM1 cells. Addition of antibodies against IL-8 or CXCR2 alleviates the suppression effect of IL-8. Each concentration of antibody is IL-8; 100 pg/100 μL, anti IL-8; 1000 pg/100 μL, anti CXCR2; 1000 pg/100 μL, respectively. Data are presented as the mean and standard deviation of four experiments. Asterisks indicate a significant difference from the control medium. *p < 0.05. CM-CAFs: Conditioned medium from cancer-associated fibroblasts, IL-8: Interleukin-8, BTCs: biliary tract cancers, PDAC: pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, IL-1α: Interleukin-1α, BDNF: brain-derived neurotrophic factor, CXCR: C-X-C motif chemokine receptor