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Table 1 Baseline demographic, clinicopathologic, treatment characteristics and follow-up data of included patients

From: Postoperative hyperprogression disease of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma after curative resection: a retrospective cohort study

Variable

N = 976

P

Recurrence (718)

No Recurrence (258)

 

Female(%)

266 (37.0%)

111 (43.0%)

0.091

Age (y, mean ± SD)

62.5(±8.85)

62.7(±9.38)

0.638

WBC(a10^9/L, mean ± SD)

6.0(±2.08)

6.0(±2.15)

0.234

Neutrophil(a10^9/L, mean ± SD)

6.3(±12.11)

4.3(±5.41)

0.006

Lymphocyte(a10^9/L, mean ± SD)

1.5(±0.64)

1.5(±0.63)

0.804

Monocyte(a10^9/L, mean ± SD)

0.4(±0.34)

0.5(±0.39)

0.862

RBC(a10^12/L, mean ± SD)

4.2(±0.56)

4.1(±0.52)

0.012

Hemoglobin(g/L, mean ± SD)

128.6(±16.71)

126.4(±16.44)

0.086

Albumin(g/L, mean ± SD)

38.9(±5.33)

39.5(±5.01)

0.076

LMR

4.2(±5.65)

3.9(±1.88)

0.229

PLR

155.8(±85.15)

151.8(±85.08)

0.409

NLR

5.1(±10.84)

3.4(±4.97)

0.034

SIRI

2.3(±4.75)

1.7(±3.31)

0.026

CA199 (U/mL, median with IQR)

166.3 (44.35–554.60)

112.7 (29.0–288.9)

< 0.0001

CA125(U/mL, median with IQR)

16.8 (10.9–29.6)

14.9 (10.4–23.2)

0.012

CEA (ng/mL, median with IQR)

3.5 (2.1–6.3)

3.1 (1.9–4.8)

0.016

Borderline resectable

178 (24.8%)

48 (18.6%)

0.043

Tumor size (cm)

3.0 (2.5–4.0)

3 (2.0–3.5)

< 0.0001

Operation

0.943

 Pancreaticduodenectomy

468 (65.2%)

170 (65.9%)

 

 Distal pancreatectomy

216 (30.1%)

75 (29.1%)

 

 Total pancreatectomy

34 (4.7%)

13 (5.0%)

 

 Vascular resection

113 (15.7%)

40 (15.5%)

< 0.0001

 R0 resection

636 (88.6%)

244 (94.6%)

0.006

Tumor differentiation

0.006

 Well-moderate

267 (37.2%)

121 (46.9%)

 

 Poor

451 (62.8%)

137 (53.1%)

 

 Margin

1.0 (0.6–2.0)

1.5 (0.7–2.0)

0.064

AJCC T-stage

< 0.0001

 T1–2

504 (70.2%)

218 (84.5%)

 

 T3–4

214 (29.8%)

40 (15.5%)

 

AJCC N-stage

< 0.0001

 0

315 (43.9%)

163 (63.2%)

 

 1

301 (41.9%)

79 (30.6%)

 

 2

102 (14.2%)

16 (6.2%)

 

 LNM

403 (56.1%)

95 (36.8%)

< 0.0001

 Number of LNM

1 (0–2)

0 (0–1)

< 0.0001

 Positive lymph node ratio

0.06 (0–0.17)

0 (0–0.08)

< 0.0001

 Perineural invasion

690 (96.1%)

238 (92.2%)

0.014

AJCC stage

< 0.0001

  ≤ 2A

291 (40.5%)

157 (60.9%)

 

 >2A

427 (59.5%)

101 (39.1%)

 

Complications

0.085

  < 3

606 (84.4%)

209 (81.0%)

 

  ≥ 3

26 (3.6%)

16 (6.2%)

 

POPF

0.638

 Grade B/C POPF

98 (13.6%)

36 (14.0%)

 

 Biochemical leak

316 (44.0%)

117 (45.3%)

 

 Adjuvant chemotherapy

499 (69.5%)

174 (67.4%)

0.057

 Gemcitabine

71 (9.9%)

13 (5.0%)

 

 S-1 or Capecitabine

44 (6.1%)

14 (5.4%)

 

 Combined a

384 (53.5%)

147 (57.0%)

 

 OS

15.7 (10.0–23.4)

17.9 (11.3–36.0)

< 0.0001

  1. SD Standard deviation, WBC White blood cell, RBC Red blood cell, CA19–9 Carbohydrate antigen 19–9, IQR Inter-quarter range, CA125 Carbohydrate antigen 125, CEA Carcinoembryonic antigen, LMR Lymphocyte-monocyte ratio, PLR Platelet-lymphocyte ratio, NLR Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, SIRI Systemic inflammatory response index, LNM Lymph node metastasis, POPF Postoperative pancreatic fistula, OS Overall survival
  2. T-stage, N-stage and AJCC stage were referred to the 8th edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) TNM staging manual
  3. a Including gemcitabine + capecitabine, gemcitabine + S-1, gemcitabine+ nab-paclitaxel, FOLFIRINOX (5-fluorouracil+ leucovorin+irinotecan+ oxaliplatin), gemcitabine + oxaliplatin, capecitabine + oxaliplatin and S-1 + oxaliplatin