Table 3 Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis in the training cohort

Age

0.002**

<0.001***

  < 45

Reference

Reference

 45 ≤ age<55

0.519 (0.315–0.855)

0.010*

0.418 (0.235–0.743)

0.003**

  ≥ 55

0.368 (0.201–0.675)

0.001**

0.251 (0.125–0.506)

<0.001***

Sex

0.041*

0.002**

 Female

Reference

Reference

 Male

1.692 (1.021–2.805)

2.681 (1.454–4.943)

TSH

1.000 (0.989–1.011)

0.977

Reference

Tumor size (cm)

<0.001***

<0.001***

  < 0.65

Reference

Reference

  ≥ 0.65

3.506 (2.218–5.544)

2.858 (1.728–4.727)

Aspect ratio(A/T)

0.517

  < 1

Reference

  ≥ 1

0.865 (0.558–1.341)

Capsular invasion

0.001**

0.024*

 No

Reference

Reference

 Yes

3.316 (1.60–6.148)

2.466 (1.123–5.415)

Calcification

0.067

 No

Reference

 Yes

1.547 (0.97–2.468)

Multifocality

<0.001***

<0.001***

 No

Reference

Reference

 Yes

2.913 (1.848–4.591)

3.516 (2.095–5.901)

HT

Reference

0.003**

0.008**

 No

Reference

 Yes

0.341 (0.167–0.693)

0.354 (0.164–0.766)

Nodular goiter

0.934

 No

Reference

 Yes

0.981 (0.627–1.536)