Table 1 Demographics comparison between MSI and MSS group in training and validation sets

Age, mean (SD), years

64 (11.1)

63.6 (14.1)

0.815

64.2 (12.4)

64.3 (15.9)

0.986

gender, n (%)

Female

55 (39.3)

26 (48.1)

24 (40.0)

17 (77.3)

Male

85 (60.7)

28 (51.9)

0.337

36 (60.0)

5 (22.7)

0.006

location, n (%)

Right colon

15 (10.7)

28 (51.9)

10 (16.7)

13 (59.1)

Left colon

23 (16.4)

16 (29.6)

5 (8.3)

7 (31.8)

Rectum

102 (72.9)

10 (18.5)

< 0.001

45 (75.0)

2 (9.1)

< 0.001

CEA, n (%)

Normal

95 (67.9)

38 (70.4)

41 (68.3)

16 (72.7)

Abnormal

45 (32.1)

16 (29.6)

0.868

19 (31.7)

6 (27.3)

0.910

WBC, n (%)

Normal

125 (89.3)

36 (66.7)

48 (80.0)

16 (72.7)

Abnormal

15 (10.7)

18 (33.3)

< 0.001

12 (20.0)

6 (27.3)

0.686

CT-reported-TMS, mean (SD), cm

4.2 (1.7)

5.8 (2.7)

< 0.001

4.3 (1.5)

6.1 (2.8)

< 0.001

CT-reported T stage, n (%)

T1

6 (4.3)

0 (0.0)

2 (3.3)

1 (4.5)

T2

9 (6.4)

2 (3.7)

4 (6.7)

2 (9.1)

T3

46 (32.9)

9 (16.7)

23 (38.3)

3 (13.6)

T4

79 (56.4)

43 (79.6)

0.021

31 (51.7)

16 (72.7)

0.209

CT-reported LN status, n (%)

Negative

91 (65.0)

37 (68.5)

40 (66.7)

13 (59.1)

Positive

49 (35.0)

17 (31.5)

0.768

20 (33.3)

9 (40.9)

0.707

CT-reported-IFR, n (%)

No

102 (72.9)

17 (31.5)

43 (71.7)

10 (45.5)

Yes

38 (27.1)

37 (68.5)

< 0.001

17 (28.3)

12 (54.5)

0.045

Histological grade, n (%)

Well

10 (7.1)

1 (1.9)

4 (6.7)

0 (0.0)

Moderately

119 (85.0)

33 (61.1)

54 (90.0)

17 (77.3)

Poorly

11 (7.9)

20 (37.0)

< 0.001

2 (3.3)

5 (22.7)

0.011

Rad-score

(median [IQR])

−0.9[−1.6, −0.2]

0.4 [−0.4, 1.1]

< 0.001

−0.7 [−1.5, 0.0]

0.5 [−0.2, 0.9]

< 0.001