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Table 4 Deterministic outcomes of the cost-utility analysis on navigated surgery compared to standard surgery: base case and scenarios

From: Image-guided navigation for locally advanced primary and locally recurrent rectal cancer: evaluation of its early cost-effectiveness

A. Base case results

 

Treatment costs

QALYs

LYs

iCosts

iQALYs

ICER

Conclusion

Base case results LARC

 Navigated surgery

€26.379

2.05

2.53

   

Navigated surgery is more effective, more costly. Costs are above the WTP of €80.000/QALY

 Standard surgery

€23.238

2.02

2.50

   
 

€3.141

0.02

€136.604

Base case results LRRC

 Navigated surgery

€28.060

1.73

2.17

   

Navigated surgery is more effective, more costly. Costs are below the WTP of €80.000/QALY

 Standard surgery

€25.164

1.67

2.11

   
 

€2.896

0.06

€52.510

B. Results from the scenario analysis

 

Intervention

ICER scenario

Conclusion scenario

Scenario 1: A hybrid OR has to be constructed before the navigation system can be used

LARC

€266.019

Navigated surgery is more effective, more costly. Costs are above the WTP of €80.000/QALY

LRRC

€106.458

Navigated surgery is more effective, more costly. Costs are above the WTP of €80.000/QALY

Scenario 2: Increase in utilization of the navigation system to 50%

LARC

€61.817

Navigation is more effective, more costly. Costs are below the WTP of €80.000/QALY

LRRC

€21.334

Navigation is more effective, more costly. Costs are below the WTP of €80.000/QALY

Combination of 1 and 2: increased use of the navigation system and including the costs of constructing a hybrid OR to use the navigation system#

LARC

€ 191.232

Navigated surgery is more effective, more costly. Costs are above the WTP of €80.000/QALY

LRRC

€ 75.282

Navigation is more effective, more costly. Costs are below the WTP of €80.000/QALY

  1. The WTP threshold used was €80.000. QALYs Quality of life years, Lys Life years, iCosts incremental costs, iQALYs incremental Quality of life years, ICER Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio, WTP Willingness To Pay threshold. # = total costs for the use of navigation including the hybrid OR costs assuming a use of 50% = €4.644,28