Vegetable and fruit consumption and cancer of unknown primary risk: results from the Netherlands cohort study on diet and cancer

Hermans, Karlijn E. P. E.; van den Brandt, Piet A.; Loef, Caroline; Jansen, Rob L. H.; Schouten, Leo J.

doi:10.1186/s12885-022-09502-7

Table 5 Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for vegetable and fruit consumption and Cancer of Unknown Primary risk in the Netherlands Cohort Study, stratified for cigarette smoking status

From: Vegetable and fruit consumption and cancer of unknown primary risk: results from the Netherlands cohort study on diet and cancer

	Never smokers				Ex smokers				Current smokers
	Subcohort members	Cancer of Unknown Primary cases			Subcohort members	Cancer of Unknown Primary cases			Subcohort members	Cancer of Unknown Primary cases
	(n = 1500)	(n = 252)			(n = 1439)	(n = 304)			(n = 1066)	(n = 311)
	Person time at risk (years)	Cases	Age- and sex-adjusted ^a		Person time at risk (years)	Cases	Age- and sex-adjusted ^a		Person time at risk (years)	Cases	Age- and sex-adjusted ^a
	Person time at risk (years)	n	HR	95% CI	Person time at risk (years)	n	HR	95% CI	Person time at risk (years)	n	HR	95% CI	p for interaction ^b
Total vegetables and fruits													0.032
Q1	6185	53	1	Reference	5006	59	1	Reference	5489	112	1	Reference
Q2	6470	66	1.17	(0.79-1.74)	6227	76	1.05	(0.71-1.54)	4260	82	0.95	(0.68-1.34)
Q3	6846	70	1.19	(0.81-1.76)	6201	65	0.95	(0.64-1.40)	3941	74	0.86	(0.61-1.22)
Q4	7435	63	0.92	(0.62-1.38)	6677	104	1.35	(0.94-1.94)	3072	43	0.67	(0.45-1.01)
p for trend^c			0.66				0.13				0.06
Continuous, 25 g per day increments	26,935	252	0.97	(0.87-1.09)	24,112	304	1.10	(0.97-1.24)	16,763	311	0.89	(0.79-1.00)
Total vegetables													0.673
Q1	7081	63	1	Reference	5102	69	1	Reference	4417	96	1	Reference
Q2	6800	64	1.10	(0.75-1.60)	6049	72	0.88	(0.61-1.29)	4172	75	0.92	(0.64-1.32)
Q3	6751	71	1.25	(0.86-1.81)	6294	88	1.08	(0.75-1.55)	4127	74	0.88	(0.61-1.26)
Q4	6303	54	1.04	(0.69-1.56)	6666	75	0.79	(0.54-1.16)	4046	66	0.81	(0.55-1.19)
p for trend^c			0.65				0.38				0.27
Continuous, 25 g per day increments	26,935	252	1.03	(0.91-1.16)	24,112	304	0.95	(0.85-1.07)	16,763	311	0.93	(0.83-1.05)
Total fruits													0.019
Q1	5650	53	1	Reference	5144	67	1	Reference	5881	116	1	Reference
Q2	6415	68	1.15	(0.77-1.70)	5980	65	0.83	(0.56-1.22)	4585	83	0.91	(0.65-1.27)
Q3	7150	59	0.84	(0.56-1.27)	6616	74	0.91	(0.62-1.32)	3274	72	1.10	(0.76-1.56)
Q4	7720	72	0.93	(0.62-1.38)	6372	98	1.22	(0.84-1.77)	3023	40	0.65	(0.43-0.99)
p for trend^c			0.39				0.20				0.16
Continuous, 25 g per day increments	26,935	252	0.95	(0.83-1.07)	24,112	304	1.09	(0.96-1.23)	16,763	311	0.92	(0.82-1.03)

^aAnalyses were adjusted for age at baseline (years) and sex
^bInteractions were calculated with respect to smoking status in relation to the vegetable/fruit variable of interest and CUP risk
^cTests for dose-response trends were assessed by fitting ordinal variables as continuous terms in the Cox proportional hazards model

Back to article page