Fig. 1

NE promoted glioma cells migration via ADRB. Wound healing assays and transwell assays were used to evaluate the effects of NE administration on glioma cells migration. A Representative images and the higher travelled distances of wound healing in NE-treated U251 (n = 4, p = 0.043) and LN229 (n = 4, p = 0.008) cells. Scale bar, 50 μm. Student’s t-test was used for statistical analysis. B Representative images and the increased cell number of transwell assays in NE-treated U251 (n = 3, p = 0.002) and LN229 (n = 3, p = 0.041) cells. Scale bar, 50 μm. Student’s t-test was used for statistical analysis. C Representative images and isoprenaline (ISO, 10 μmol/L) elevated the migration ability of U251 (n = 6, p = 0.002) and LN229 (n = 6, p = 0.006). Scale bar, 50 μm. Student’s t-test was used for statistical analysis. D Representative images and propranolol (Pro, 10 μmol/L) administration reversed the effect of NE on migration of U251 (n = 6, p = 0.002) and LN229 (n = 6, p = 0.001). Scale bar, 50 μm. One-way ANOVA analysis was used for statistical analysis. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01